{"id":21573,"date":"2026-02-15T12:34:48","date_gmt":"2026-02-15T04:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=21573"},"modified":"2026-02-15T12:36:31","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T04:36:31","slug":"types-of-electrical-control-panels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/types-of-electrical-control-panels\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n: T\u1eeb t\u1ee7 MCC \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc PLC (H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"product-intro\">\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (MCC) qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ecf PLC ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y xem x\u00e9t b\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu\u2014MCC, PCC, PLC, VFD, t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng minh\u2014v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 khung l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 60947, UL 508A v\u00e0 NEC \u0110i\u1ec1u 409.<\/p>\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (MCC)<\/strong> t\u1eadp trung \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng qua thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ea1ng module, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u1edf l\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/li>\n<li><strong>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n (PCC)<\/strong> x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao (800A-6300A) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PLC<\/strong> ch\u1ee9a b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n logic kh\u1ea3 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c module I\/O \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn c\u00e1c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ee7 VFD<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 20-50% trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/strong> ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n (\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, SCCR), c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng IP, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9), c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UL 508A ho\u1eb7c IEC 61439<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh<\/strong> t\u00edch h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i IoT v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7n\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/mcb\/\">b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/ac-contactor\/\">c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/timer-relay\/\">r\u01a1 le<\/a>, PLC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t\u2014b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ecf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. C\u00e1c t\u1ee7 n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ba ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh: ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n quy tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qua logic chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng tri\u1ec3n khai nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p. M\u1ed9t Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00fang c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c quy tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. C\u00e1c t\u1ee7 PLC giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (SCADA). <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/industrial-control-panel-components-guide\/\">tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb m\u1edd \u0111i trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t v\u1ecf duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng MCC v\u1edbi VFD v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PLC t\u00edch h\u1ee3p, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n<h2>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (MCC): Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u1eadp trung<\/h2>\n<p>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n. MCC bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p d\u1ecdc v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thanh c\u00e1i ngu\u1ed3n ngang chung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c \u201ckhay\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ng\u0103n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng module n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1eebng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Modern-VIOX-Motor-Control-Center-installation-showing-drawout-motor-starter-buckets-and-proper-electrical-room-layout-with-NEC-compliant-working-clearances.webp\" alt=\"Modern VIOX Motor Control Center installation showing drawout motor starter buckets and proper electrical room layout with NEC-compliant working clearances\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #666; font-size: 0.9em; margin-top: 10px;\">H\u00ecnh 1: L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t VIOX MCC hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c khay kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o ra v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n MCC<\/h3>\n<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac MCC \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t thanh c\u00e1i ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u1eeb 600A \u0111\u1ebfn 6000A, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thanh c\u00e1i nh\u00e1nh ngang c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. M\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p: m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-contactor\/\">x\u00fac<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, r\u01a1 le qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb xa. MCC hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n, b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 r\u01a1 le b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u00e1n d\u1eabn trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac khay.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Technical-cutaway-diagram-of-VIOX-Motor-Control-Center-showing-vertical-power-bus-motor-starter-buckets-and-internal-wiring-architecture.webp\" alt=\"Technical cutaway diagram of VIOX Motor Control Center showing vertical power bus, motor starter buckets, and internal wiring architecture\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #666; font-size: 0.9em; margin-top: 10px;\">H\u00ecnh 2: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1eaft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi ti\u1ebft thanh c\u00e1i ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac d\u00e2y b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a VIOX MCC.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf MCC tu\u00e2n theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 61439 ho\u1eb7c UL 845 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khu v\u1ef1c. S\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khay g\u1eafn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o ra \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed thay th\u1ebf. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o ra cho ph\u00e9p thay th\u1ebf n\u00f3ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n 30-40% so v\u1edbi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng MCC<\/h3>\n<p>MCC v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eadp trung t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u1edf l\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i m\u00e1y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u01a1m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HVAC ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh MCC so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. MCC cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng gian v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i\u2014m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cao 90 inch duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a 6-12 b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb g\u1eafn tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1eeb 40-60% so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, MCC y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf th\u00edch h\u1ee3p theo NEC 110.26, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang \u00edt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<h3>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn MCC<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"8\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\n<th>Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<th>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c thanh c\u00e1i<\/td>\n<td>600A \u2013 6000A<\/td>\n<td>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng FLA c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 25%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u0110\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/td>\n<td>208V \u2013 690V AC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>35kA \u2013 100kA<\/td>\n<td>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc khay<\/td>\n<td>NEMA K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 1-5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/td>\n<td>Lo\u1ea1i v\u1ecf<\/td>\n<td>NEMA 1, 3R, 12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<td>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>120V AC, 24V DC. <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-sccr\/\">tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/h2>\n<p>Khi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh MCC, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch (SCCR) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. SCCR \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a m\u00e0 MCC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p SCCR t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u 409 trong NEC.<\/p>\n<h3>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n (PCC): Trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao<\/h3>\n<p>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 giao di\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf. Trong khi MCC t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, PCC nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh. M\u1ed9t PCC \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p ti\u1ec7n \u00edch ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ee7 h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n\u2014MCC, b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i ri\u00eang l\u1ebb l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf PCC. <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-dual-power-automatic-transfer-switch\/\">tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>PCC th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c thanh c\u00e1i t\u1eeb 800A \u0111\u1ebfn 6300A v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/h3>\n<p>PCC hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, l\u1ecdc s\u00f3ng h\u00e0i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng t\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n thay v\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u01a1 s\u1edf. PCC n\u00e2ng cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (ATS) cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"8\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>N\u0103ng<\/th>\n<th>PCC so v\u1edbi MCC: Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<th>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (MCC)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh<\/td>\n<td>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa PCC v\u00e0 MCC n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. PCC ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. MCC nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb PCC v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai PCC c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n cho n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi MCC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i kh\u1eafp nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y.<\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c thanh c\u00e1i<\/td>\n<td>800A \u2013 6300A<\/td>\n<td>600A \u2013 6000A<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n (PCC)<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh, b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u01a1, qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2-6 ph\u1ea7n d\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<td>4-20 ph\u1ea7n d\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch)<\/td>\n<td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn cao (logic kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng\/d\u1eebng)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PLC: B\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Logic kh\u1ea3 tr\u00ecnh (PLC) ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n logic t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ra. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 MCC cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, t\u1ee7 PLC t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o logic \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/VIOX-PLC-control-panel-with-modular-IO-system-HMI-touchscreen-and-industrial-networking-components-for-process-automation.webp\" alt=\"VIOX PLC control panel with modular I\/O system, HMI touchscreen, and industrial networking components for process automation\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #666; font-size: 0.9em; margin-top: 10px;\">H\u00ecnh 3: T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PLC VIOX c\u00f3 I\/O d\u1ea1ng module, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng HMI v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u1ee7 PLC<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 PLC \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a module b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd PLC, c\u00e1c module \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o\/\u0111\u1ea7u ra (I\/O) \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n 24V DC, c\u00e1c module giao ti\u1ebfp cho m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi-m\u00e1y (HMI) \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. T\u1ee7 c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PLC, th\u01b0\u1eddng <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-miniature-circuit-breaker-mcb\/\">c\u1ea7u dao thu nh\u1ecf<\/a> \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 2-10A, v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-surge-protection-device\/\">thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t lan truy\u1ec1n<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 \u00e1p t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ee7 PLC hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac I\/O ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c Ethernet c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2014EtherNet\/IP, PROFINET ho\u1eb7c Modbus TCP. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i d\u00e2y trong t\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c module I\/O g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 I\/O trong t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh. T\u1ee7 PLC sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m giao ti\u1ebfp h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<h3>So s\u00e1nh T\u00edch h\u1ee3p T\u1ee7 PLC v\u00e0 MCC<\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ee7 PLC v\u00e0 MCC ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung cho nhau trong t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1ee7 PLC ch\u1ee9a tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh\u2014th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh logic b\u1eadc thang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u00ean kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1eebng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quy tr\u00ecnh. MCC cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n\u2014c\u00e1c contactor v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, v\u1edbi PLC cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng\/d\u1eebng cho b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 MCC v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (\u0111ang ch\u1ea1y, b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i).<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng PLC tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac MCC, t\u1ea1o ra \u201cMCC th\u00f4ng minh\u201d k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 logic \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m duy nh\u1ea5t. S\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h3>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ee7 PLC<\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ee7 PLC ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UL 508A (B\u1eafc M\u1ef9) ho\u1eb7c IEC 61439-1 (qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf) cho t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng, n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u1ee7 PLC th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n an to\u00e0n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\u2014IEC 61508 ho\u1eb7c ISO 13849\u2014khi \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p>X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ee7 PLC. V\u1ecf NEMA 1 ho\u1eb7c IP20 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng NEMA 4X ho\u1eb7c IP66 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n PLC th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh 0-55\u00b0C, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecf c\u00f3 s\u01b0\u1edfi trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ee7 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n (VFD): \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ee7 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 AC b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. VFD cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m v\u00e0 qu\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 VFD<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 VFD ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ednh VFD (c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u, bus DC v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n), b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (<a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/types-of-circuit-breakers\/\">b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch<\/a> ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec), contactor \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc EMI\/RFI \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. VFD t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 3-5% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u00ean trong \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a\u2014\u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn th\u00f4ng qua th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3, t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t VFD ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e9o h\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. VFD s\u00e1u xung (lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t) t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0i b\u1eadc 5 v\u00e0 b\u1eadc 7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p, qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i d\u00e2y d\u1eabn trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p bao g\u1ed3m cu\u1ed9n kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y, cu\u1ed9n c\u1ea3m kh\u00e1ng bus DC ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc h\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u VFD n\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e9o h\u00e0i v\u1eabn d\u01b0\u1edbi 5% theo khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a IEEE 519.<\/p>\n<h3>L\u1ee3i \u00edch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 VFD<\/h3>\n<p>VFD mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. M\u00e1y b\u01a1m v\u00e0 qu\u1ea1t ly t\u00e2m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 b\u1eadc ba gi\u1eefa t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng\u2014gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 20% gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 50%. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, VFD lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 30-50% so v\u1edbi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, VFD kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n VFD. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n VFD ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 2-3% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a, t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f2ng so v\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. VFD c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra h\u1ecfng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c s\u1edbm tr\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng qua \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed9n kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ecdc. <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/types-of-motor-starters-selection-guide\/\">tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"8\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Lo\u1ea1i<\/th>\n<th>L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a VFD<\/th>\n<th>Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn thay \u0111\u1ed5i (m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, qu\u1ea1t)<\/td>\n<td>Cao<\/td>\n<td>20-50% \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>M\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i (b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i, m\u00e1y \u0111\u00f9n)<\/td>\n<td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td>5-15% \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i (c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh)<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<td>0-5% (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e2m)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh cao (b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e0, m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n)<\/td>\n<td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td>10-25% \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>T\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i: Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i\u2014c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c trung t\u00e2m t\u1ea3i\u2014cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, chia \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u00e8n, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ecf. Trong khi MCC v\u00e0 PCC x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch cho t\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t), m\u1ed9t thanh c\u00e1i ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 100A \u0111\u1ebfn 600A, v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ba pha 120\/208V ho\u1eb7c 277\/480V ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/surge-protection-devices-pros-and-cons\/\">thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t lan truy\u1ec1n<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 \u00e1p t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi do s\u00e9t ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch. SPD lo\u1ea1i 2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, b\u1ed5 sung cho <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/surge-protective-device-type-1-vs-type-2-vs-type-3\/\">Lo\u1ea1i 1 SPDs<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<h3>So s\u00e1nh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 MCC<\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 MCC ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau. MCC v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1\u2014kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, d\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i. T\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u1ecf (d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 HP) v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u01a1n MCC, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 MCC cho t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 HP th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u1eeb 2-10 HP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t trong hai c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u00ean 10 HP h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t MCC do y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/load-center-vs-panelboard-nec-guide\/\">tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang m\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ee7 MCC, PLC ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e1c c\u1ee5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, logic PLC, giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ee7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, logic PLC, m\u1ea1ch an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ecf nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean m\u00e1y. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n NFPA 496 ho\u1eb7c IEC 60079 cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trang b\u1ecb th\u00eam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ee7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i \u0111a nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UL 508A ho\u1eb7c IEC 61439. Nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n SCCR, x\u00e1c minh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00f4ng qua s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. Nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba (UL, ETL, CSA) cho c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ee7 MCC ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<h3>So s\u00e1nh kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa t\u1ee7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 MCC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m h\u00f2a v\u1ed1n kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa t\u1ee7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 MCC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 6-8 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. D\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y, t\u1ee7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n do gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ng\u0103n MCC kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y, t\u00ednh m\u00f4-\u0111un c\u1ee7a MCC v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u1eddng mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ee7 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i khi t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, khi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ea5m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc MCC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c khi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t) \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1ecf t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh: T\u00edch h\u1ee3p C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 4.0 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. C\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn IoT, \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/VIOX-smart-control-panel-system-architecture-showing-IoT-sensors-edge-computing-industrial-networks-and-cloud-connectivity-for-predictive.webp\" alt=\"VIOX smart control panel system architecture showing IoT sensors, edge computing, industrial networks, and cloud connectivity for predictive maintenance\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #666; font-size: 0.9em; margin-top: 10px;\">H\u00ecnh 4: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh VIOX cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn IoT, \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng minh<\/h3>\n<p>MCC v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9 rung cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quay. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra\u2014m\u00f2n \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c, suy gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c l\u1ec7ch tr\u1ee5c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc\u2014cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thay v\u00ec l\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c giao ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng minh. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Ethernet c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (EtherNet\/IP, PROFINET, Modbus TCP) cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ee7 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. OPC UA (Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1edf) cho ph\u00e9p trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u an to\u00e0n, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng CNTT doanh nghi\u1ec7p, thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh (OT) v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin (IT) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng minh<\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch an ninh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. C\u00e1c t\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c vect\u01a1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 theo chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u\u2014ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp\u2014l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t MCC th\u00f4ng minh duy nh\u1ea5t gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t 50 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 100.000 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat. \u0110i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n bi\u00ean\u2014x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong t\u1ee7 thay v\u00ec truy\u1ec1n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trung t\u00e2m\u2014l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<h2>Khung l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Khung sau \u0111\u00e2y h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn quy tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Comparison-diagram-of-five-VIOX-electrical-control-panel-types-showing-MCC-PCC-PLC-VFD-and-distribution-panels-with-specifications-and-applications.webp\" alt=\"Comparison diagram of five VIOX electrical control panel types showing MCC, PCC, PLC, VFD, and distribution panels with specifications and applications\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #666; font-size: 0.9em; margin-top: 10px;\">H\u00ecnh 5: T\u1ed5ng quan so s\u00e1nh n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n VIOX, n\u00eau b\u1eadt c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ghi l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 t\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5: c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, t\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5 c\u1eafm, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ed5ng t\u1ea3i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhu c\u1ea7u theo \u0110i\u1ec1u 220 c\u1ee7a NEC v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thanh c\u00e1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 25%. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng SCCR ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/circuit-breaker-ratings-icu-ics-icw-icm\/\">tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng NEMA ho\u1eb7c IP. C\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0, c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ecf NEMA 1 (IP20). C\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u NEMA 3R (IP24) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ee5i b\u1eb7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n v\u1ecf th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 NEMA 4X (IP66) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu b\u00ean trong. <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/nema-enclosure-ratings-guide\/\">tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u1ecdc theo m\u1ed9t ph\u1ed5 t\u1eeb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng\/d\u1eebng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MCC c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i \u0111a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i quy tr\u00ecnh cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PLC. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng PLC an to\u00e0n chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng IEC 61508 SIL.<\/p>\n<h3>Ma tr\u1eadn L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Lo\u1ea1i B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; text-align: left;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"8\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 T\u1ea3i<\/th>\n<th>\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/th>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\n<th>C\u00e2n Nh\u1eafc Quan Tr\u1ecdng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>10+ \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td>Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (MCC)<\/td>\n<td>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1eadp trung, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao (&gt;800A)<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n<td>PCC so v\u1edbi MCC: Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/td>\n<td>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i ti\u1ec7n \u00edch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh, nhi\u1ec1u I\/O<\/td>\n<td>Cao<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PLC<\/td>\n<td>Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HMI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n<td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n VFD<\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u00f3ng h\u00e0i, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t lan truy\u1ec1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho m\u00e1y<\/td>\n<td>Bi\u1ebfn<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1eeb xa<\/td>\n<td>Cao<\/td>\n<td>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Th\u00f4ng minh<\/td>\n<td>An ninh m\u1ea1ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/h2>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i. Hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<h3>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n B\u1eafc M\u1ef9<\/h3>\n<p>UL 508A\u2014Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2014chi ph\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Canada. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng, n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 danh s\u00e1ch UL 508A \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Underwriters Laboratories \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u 409 c\u1ee7a NEC\u2014B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p\u2014thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t bao g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u. \u0110i\u1ec1u 430 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, trong khi \u0110i\u1ec1u 440 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 NEC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (AHJ) th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n<h3>Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>IEC 61439-1 v\u00e0 -2 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ec3u (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi). C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u00ea-ri IEC 60947 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb\u2014c\u1ea7u dao, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<p>IEC 60204-1\u2014An to\u00e0n M\u00e1y m\u00f3c: Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a M\u00e1y m\u00f3c\u2014\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch d\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<h3>H\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u00e0 Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. UL 60947-4-1 thay th\u1ebf ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UL 508 c\u0169 h\u01a1n cho b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u01a1, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi IEC 60947-4-1. S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a n\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n NEC v\u00e0 IEC c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n MCC v\u00e0 PLC l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><br \/>\nTrung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (MCC) cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ngu\u1ed3n cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c contactor v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, trong khi t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n PLC ch\u1ee9a b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n logic kh\u1ea3 tr\u00ecnh (PLC) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi logic t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh cho MCC khi n\u00e0o kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. MCC x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n; PLC x\u1eed l\u00fd logic \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0o MCC th\u00f4ng minh, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb SCCR ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i?<\/strong><br \/>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c (SCCR) ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn h\u01a1n d\u00f2ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u00f2ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn t\u1eeb m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n. SCCR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u1ed1i t\u1ea7ng (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1edf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 (trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft d\u00f2ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7). K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00e0y v\u00ec sai s\u00f3t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng. <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-sccr\/\">tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Khi n\u00e0o t\u00f4i n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn t\u1ee7 VFD thay v\u00ec b\u1ed9 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 MCC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n?<\/strong><br \/>\nCh\u1ecdn t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n (VFD) cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. C\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn thay \u0111\u1ed5i (b\u01a1m, qu\u1ea1t) mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 20-50% trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb VFD v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a VFD. C\u0169ng n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t VFD \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ec1m c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh cao nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (NEMA\/IP) n\u00e0o?<\/strong><br \/>\nC\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0, c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n NEMA 1 (IP20). C\u00e1c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u NEMA 3R (IP24) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u NEMA 4X (IP66) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m k\u00edn. C\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n v\u1ecf ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 (Class I Division 1) ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch\/t\u1ea1o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t theo NFPA 496. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng NEMA. Tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC v\u00e0 NEMA trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><br \/>\nC\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n IEC v\u00e0 NEMA s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau\u2014c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IEC (AC-3, AC-4) so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00edch c\u1ee1 NEMA (1, 2, 3). \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UL 508A, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UL c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea. Nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c minh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c theo c\u1ea3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC v\u00e0 NEMA, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00f4i n\u00ean d\u1ef1 tr\u00f9 bao nhi\u00eau kh\u00f4ng gian cho m\u1ed9t Trung T\u00e2m \u0110i\u1ec1u Khi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ed9ng C\u01a1 (Motor Control Center)?<\/strong><br \/>\nK\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (MCC) thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u 20-30 inch, chi\u1ec1u cao 90 inch v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 20-24 inch cho m\u1ed7i \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f d\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 4-8 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f (chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 80-192 inch). Th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a NEC: t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 36 inch ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc MCC, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng 30 inch \u1edf gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao 78 inch. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi MCC tr\u00ean 600V, kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf t\u0103ng l\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n theo B\u1ea3ng 110.26(A)(1) c\u1ee7a NEC.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa PCC v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><br \/>\nTrung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n (PCC) x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn (800A-6300A) \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n. T\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i cung c\u1ea5p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch (100A-600A) cho chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, \u1ed5 c\u1eafm v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ecf. PCC th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh; t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e1nh. H\u00e3y xem PCC l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh hay m\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 MCC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7?<\/strong><br \/>\nMCC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, n\u01a1i vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1eadp trung trong ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi. Ch\u1ecdn t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh khi: (1) h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ea5m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc MCC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, (2) t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, (3) c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c NEMA ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, ho\u1eb7c (4) \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt h\u01a1n 6-8 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf kinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi MCC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec g\u00ec?<\/strong><br \/>\nB\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u00e0ng n\u0103m n\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m: ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ef1c quan c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/how-to-build-electrical-maintenance-program\/\">ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cao, x\u00e1c minh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch d\u1eebng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n. Ki\u1ec3m tra h\u00e0ng qu\u00fd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng. Ghi l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng minh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><br \/>\nT\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng minh cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n\u2014ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0i m\u00f2n \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c, suy gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1eeb xa gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 40-60% so v\u1edbi t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an ninh m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 8532.74px; left: 14.0078px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 8532.74px; left: 14.0078px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 9997.2px; left: 14.0078px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 9997.2px; left: 14.0078px; display: none;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What You Need to Know About Electrical Control Panels Electrical control panels are the central nervous system of industrial operations, housing the critical components that distribute power, protect equipment, and automate processes. From Motor Control Centers (MCCs) managing dozens of motors to sophisticated PLC enclosures orchestrating complex automation sequences, selecting the right panel type directly [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21574,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21573"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21576,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21573\/revisions\/21576"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21574"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}