{"id":21245,"date":"2026-01-07T02:20:44","date_gmt":"2026-01-06T18:20:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=21245"},"modified":"2026-01-07T02:20:46","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T18:20:46","slug":"single-phase-vs-three-phase-ats-selection-guide-2p-3p-4p","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/single-phase-vs-three-phase-ats-selection-guide-2p-3p-4p\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn Ch\u1ecdn ATS M\u1ed9t Pha so v\u1edbi Ba Pha: Khi N\u00e0o N\u00ean Ch\u1ecdn 2P, 3P, ho\u1eb7c 4P?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"product-intro\">\n<h2>Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t pha v\u00e0 ba pha<\/h2>\n<h3>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t pha (1P+N): \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng 220-240V<\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t pha ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 220-240V v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng (L1) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh (N). C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t <strong>c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng 2 c\u1ef1c (2P)<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 d\u00e2n c\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u0103n h\u1ed9<\/li>\n<li>V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf (c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi 100A)<\/li>\n<li>Xe gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed (RV) v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/li>\n<li>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9<\/li>\n<li>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t pha b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u1edf m\u1ee9c 100A (24kW \u1edf 240V). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, ATS 2P cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<h3>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba pha (3P+N): Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 380-415V<\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ba pha cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 380-415V th\u00f4ng qua ba d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng (L1, L2, L3) c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh (N). C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t <strong>c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng 3 c\u1ef1c (3P) ho\u1eb7c 4 c\u1ef1c (4P)<\/strong>, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh hay kh\u00f4ng \u2014 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HVAC<\/li>\n<li>Trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ba pha (m\u00e1y b\u01a1m, m\u00e1y n\u00e9n, m\u00e1y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh)<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi PV quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/hybrid-inverter-ats-wiring-guide-2-wire-start-neutral-bonding\/\">h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n hybrid<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; text-align: left;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng<\/th>\n<th>\u00c1p<\/th>\n<th>D\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/th>\n<th>ATS \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<th>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/th>\n<th>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Pha<\/td>\n<td>220-240V<\/td>\n<td>L1 + N<\/td>\n<td>2P<\/td>\n<td>L\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 24kW<\/td>\n<td>Khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ba Pha<\/td>\n<td>380-415V<\/td>\n<td>L1 + L2 + L3 + N<\/td>\n<td>3P ho\u1eb7c 4P<\/td>\n<td>L\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 400kW+<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pha t\u00e1ch<\/td>\n<td>120\/240<\/td>\n<td>L1 + L2 + N<\/td>\n<td>3P (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t)<\/td>\n<td>L\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 48kW<\/td>\n<td>Khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0 B\u1eafc M\u1ef9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Single-phase-2P-vs-three-phase-4P-automatic-transfer-switches-comparison-in-industrial-setting.webp\" alt=\"Single-phase 2P vs three-phase 4P automatic transfer switches comparison in industrial setting\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 8px;\">H\u00ecnh 1: So s\u00e1nh b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i ATS 2 c\u1ef1c d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft ATS 4 c\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>T\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan v\u1ec1 \u201cC\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 4\u201d: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ATS 3P so v\u1edbi 4P<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i x\u1ea3y ra h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa ATS 3 c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 4 c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<h3>ATS 3 c\u1ef1c: C\u00e1c pha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, Trung t\u00ednh li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch<\/h3>\n<p>ATS 3P ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ba d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng (L1, L2, L3) trong khi v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<\/strong> gi\u1eefa c\u1ea3 hai ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc: L1, L2, L3<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t: Trung t\u00ednh (N)<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t: \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n: Trung t\u00ednh KH\u00d4NG n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t (trung t\u00ednh n\u1ed5i)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>H\u1ea1n Ch\u1ebf Quan Tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong><br \/>\n    Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ATS 3P, trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n <strong>kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong> t\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trung t\u00ednh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng chung tham chi\u1ebfu n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>R\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a ATS 3P v\u1edbi Trung t\u00ednh li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong>: Khi c\u1ea3 trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua thanh c\u00e1i trung t\u00ednh li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/hybrid-inverter-ats-wiring-guide-2-wire-start-neutral-bonding\/\">h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi-pin hybrid<\/a> n\u01a1i bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00f9 DC.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch RCD\/GFCI<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-the-difference-between-mcb-mccb-rcb-rcd-rccb-and-rcbo\/\">B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch d\u00f2ng d\u01b0 (RCCB)<\/a> \u0111o s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa d\u00e2y pha v\u00e0 d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh. V\u1edbi trung t\u00ednh li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn thay th\u1ebf, g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c \u2014 t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n \u2014 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf trung t\u00ednh<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau (th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n di \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi), trung t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p nguy hi\u1ec3m khi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eaft v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua thanh c\u00e1i trung t\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Xung \u0111\u1ed9t r\u01a1le ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/understanding-ground-fault-protection\/\">b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t<\/a> tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t sai ch\u1ea1y qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eaft, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m ng\u1eaft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>ATS 4 c\u1ef1c: C\u00e1ch ly ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>ATS 4P chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch <strong>c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn<\/strong>: L1, L2, L3 v\u00e0 d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc: L1, L2, L3, N<\/li>\n<li>Truy\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp: Kh\u00f4ng (c\u00e1ch ly ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n)<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t: Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i ngu\u1ed3n<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n: D\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh 4 c\u1ef1c:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n (\u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi li\u00ean k\u1ebft trung t\u00ednh-\u0111\u1ea5t ri\u00eang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec1u 250.30 c\u1ee7a NEC v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t song song.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong>: B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/hybrid-inverter-ats-wiring-guide-2-wire-start-neutral-bonding\/\">h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hybrid n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a> n\u01a1i c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u00f3ng h\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n DC.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 RCD<\/strong>: C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00ec b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n thay th\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/strong>: M\u1ed7i ngu\u1ed3n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tham chi\u1ebfu trung t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p do s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf trung t\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y ra.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a VIOX<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hybrid n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi-pin, c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, VIOX \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng 4 c\u1ef1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Chi ph\u00ed t\u0103ng th\u00eam kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 15-25% so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb 3P) so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 RCD v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n do m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p trung t\u00ednh. Trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 2.000 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-pv-combiner-box-and-why-your-solar-system-cant-function-without-one\/\">h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a> c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ATS 4P cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t \u00edt h\u01a1n 92% so v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh 3P.<\/p>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; text-align: left;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>N\u0103ng<\/th>\n<th>ATS 3 c\u1ef1c<\/th>\n<th>ATS 4 c\u1ef1c<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>C\u00e1c pha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>L1, L2, L3<\/td>\n<td>L1, L2, L3, N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Truy\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<td>Chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch (c\u00e1ch ly)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Li\u00ean k\u1ebft N-G c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/td>\n<td>B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c t\u1ea1i m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Lo\u1ea1i H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<td>C\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>V\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>R\u1ee7i ro cao<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch RCD<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/td>\n<td>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi hybrid<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch<\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m chi ph\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Gi\u00e1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/td>\n<td>+15-25%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 NEC<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn<\/td>\n<td>Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/VIOX-4-pole-ATS-internal-contactor-mechanism-showing-all-four-switching-poles-with-arc-suppression-chambers.webp\" alt=\"VIOX 4-pole ATS internal contactor mechanism showing all four switching poles with arc suppression chambers\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 8px;\">H\u00ecnh 2: C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ATS 4 c\u1ef1c VIOX cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c L1, L2, L3 v\u00e0 Trung t\u00ednh.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Technical-wiring-diagram-comparing-3-pole-ATS-with-solid-neutral-vs-4-pole-ATS-with-switched-neutral-showing-ground-loop-prevention.webp\" alt=\"Technical wiring diagram comparing 3-pole ATS with solid neutral vs 4-pole ATS with switched neutral showing ground loop prevention\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 8px;\">H\u00ecnh 3: So s\u00e1nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3: ATS 3 c\u1ef1c (b\u00ean tr\u00e1i) t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ee7i ro v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t, trong khi ATS 4 c\u1ef1c (b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i) \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch ly ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pha t\u00e1ch: B\u1eaby l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn B\u1eafc M\u1ef9<\/h2>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n pha t\u00e1ch, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, Philippines v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n pha t\u00e1ch l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>Pha t\u00e1ch cung c\u1ea5p <strong>120V\/240V<\/strong> th\u00f4ng qua cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eefa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L1 \u0111\u1ebfn Trung t\u00ednh: 120V<\/li>\n<li>L2 \u0111\u1ebfn Trung t\u00ednh: 120V<\/li>\n<li>L1 \u0111\u1ebfn L2: 240V<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cpha \u0111\u01a1n\u201d, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pha t\u00e1ch c\u00f3 <strong>hai d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u00f3ng<\/strong> (L1, L2) l\u1ec7ch pha 180\u00b0, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn trung t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1eaby l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ATS<\/h3>\n<p><strong>L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/strong>: Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ATS 2 c\u1ef1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pha t\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong>: ATS 2P ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pha \u0111\u01a1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 (m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng + trung t\u00ednh) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pha t\u00e1ch v\u1edbi hai d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch <strong>c\u1ea3 L1 v\u00e0 L2<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ATS ba c\u1ef1c<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ATS 3P \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch L1, L2 v\u00e0 trung t\u00ednh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y coi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pha t\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba pha ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai pha.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ATS 2P Pha T\u00e1ch \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc 2P chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 L1 v\u00e0 L2 trong khi v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh \u0111i qua. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang v\u1eabn g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>Y\u00eau C\u1ea7u \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Pha T\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 (d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 200A \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh):<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb<\/strong>: <strong>ATS 3 c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch trung t\u00ednh<\/strong> hay <strong>ATS 4 c\u1ef1c<\/strong> (n\u1ebfu coi nh\u01b0 L1+L2+N+d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng)<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 hai d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng (L1, L2) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh (khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n)<\/li>\n<li>Cho ph\u00e9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 t\u1ea3i 120V (L1 ho\u1eb7c L2 \u0111\u1ebfn N) v\u00e0 240V (L1 \u0111\u1ebfn L2)<\/li>\n<li>Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eefa d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>L\u01b0u \u00dd Quan Tr\u1ecdng V\u1ec1 \u0110i D\u00e2y<\/strong>: Khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i pha t\u00e1ch v\u1edbi ATS 3P ho\u1eb7c 4P:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L1 \u2192 C\u1ed5ng ATS 1<\/li>\n<li>L2 \u2192 C\u1ed5ng ATS 2<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ed5ng 3 \u2192 \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch trung t\u00ednh<\/li>\n<li>N \u2192 C\u1ed5ng trung t\u00ednh chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 4P) ho\u1eb7c thanh c\u00e1i li\u1ec1n (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 3P)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/ev-charger-circuit-breaker-sizing-guide-7kw-22kw\/\">c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c EV<\/a> th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n pha t\u00e1ch 240V cho s\u1ea1c C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 2.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/North-American-split-phase-120V240V-system-wiring-diagram-showing-correct-and-incorrect-ATS-configurations.webp\" alt=\"North American split-phase 120V\/240V system wiring diagram showing correct and incorrect ATS configurations\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 8px;\">H\u00ecnh 4: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pha t\u00e1ch cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ATS 2 c\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 3 c\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c 4 c\u1ef1c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng T\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u1ed4n \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p Pha<\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba pha t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ATS.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u1eadt L\u00fd c\u1ee7a S\u1ef1 M\u1ea5t C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng Ba Pha<\/h3>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba pha c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, m\u1ed7i pha mang d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nhau (\u00b110%) v\u00e0 d\u00e2y trung t\u00ednh mang d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u00f3ng h\u00e0i). Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y do:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n Ph\u1ed1i T\u1ea3i M\u1ed9t Pha<\/strong>: H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t pha (<a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/timer-switch-for-pump\/\">chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng<\/a>, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh). Khi c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai pha, s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng \u0110i\u1ec7n Kh\u1edfi \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ed9ng C\u01a1<\/strong>: Ba pha <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/contactor-vs-circuit-breaker\/\">\u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc t\u01a1<\/a> h\u00fat d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t pha ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a ATS.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u Ra Bi\u1ebfn T\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi<\/strong>: <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-hybrid-inverter\/\">Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n hybrid<\/a> trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba pha c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ea7u ra h\u01a1i m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi s\u1ea1c pin v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u1ea3y ra.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>S\u1ef1 M\u1ea5t C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ebfn Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng C\u1ee7a ATS Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t <strong>\u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 g\u00f3c pha<\/strong> tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ATS \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>M\u1ea5t C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p Pha-Pha<\/strong>: \u00b110% so v\u1edbi trung b\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e1t Hi\u1ec7n M\u1ea5t Pha<\/strong>: B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 pha n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 85% \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e1t Hi\u1ec7n D\u1ecbch Chuy\u1ec3n Trung T\u00ednh<\/strong>: \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p trung t\u00ednh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 10% \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p pha<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>T\u00ecnh Hu\u1ed1ng L\u1ed7i Trong Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ef1c:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba pha 415V v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i k\u00e9m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L1: 95A (g\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t)<\/li>\n<li>L2: 45A (t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9)<\/li>\n<li>L3: 60A (t\u1ea3i v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Khi c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/how-to-select-contactors-and-circuit-breakers-based-on-motor-power\/\">\u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ba pha l\u1edbn<\/a> (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u00e1y n\u00e9n HVAC), \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p L1 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 380V trong khi L2 v\u00e0 L3 v\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c 410V. B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ATS di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng 7,3% n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t pha ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h3>Ng\u0103n Ch\u1eb7n Chuy\u1ebfn \u0110i ATS Li\u00ean Quan \u0110\u1ebfn M\u1ea5t C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00e1p K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch Ph\u00e2n Ph\u1ed1i T\u1ea3i<\/strong>: Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ban \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u00e3y \u0111o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i pha trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao \u0111i\u1ec3m. Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/single-phase-vs-three-phase-panelboards-guide\/\">t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t pha<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u00b115% tr\u00ean L1, L2, L3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1edfi \u0110\u1ed9ng M\u1ec1m \u0110\u1ed9ng C\u01a1<\/strong>: C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/star-delta-starter-wiring-diagram-sizing-selection-guide\/\">b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ec1m<\/a> tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ba pha l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee5t \u00e1p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u0103ng Dung Sai M\u1ea5t C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu ATS c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, h\u00e3y t\u0103ng dung sai m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb 10% l\u00ean 15% (ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p). Tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt VIOX tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ed1c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ee7 Ph\u00e2n Ph\u1ed1i C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng Pha<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t pha, h\u00e3y l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c t\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng pha t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, xoay t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c pha m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00ednh To\u00e1n C\u00f4ng Su\u1ea5t M\u00e1y Ph\u00e1t \u0110i\u1ec7n<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng t\u1ea3i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 25% \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n s\u1ebd khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>N\u1ebfu ATS c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch do m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/ats-troubleshooting-generator-wont-transfer\/\">h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ATS to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> bao g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t r\u01a1le v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c minh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 CT.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1c C\u00e2n Nh\u1eafc Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng B\u1ed5 Sung<\/h3>\n<p>Khi t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ATS v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-breaker-selectivity-coordination-guide\/\"><strong>Ph\u1ed1i H\u1ee3p C\u1ea7u Dao<\/strong><\/a>: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch ATS<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/surge-protection-devices-vs-surge-arresters\/\"><strong>Ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e9t lan truy\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/a>: L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t SPD Lo\u1ea1i 2 \u1edf c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ATS \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/how-to-ground-an-electrical-panel\/\"><strong>Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/a>: X\u00e1c minh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a quy chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/load-center-vs-panelboard-nec-guide\/\"><strong>L\u1ef1a Ch\u1ecdn T\u1ee7 Ph\u00e2n Ph\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/a>: Gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ATS<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Three-phase-load-imbalance-effects-on-ATS-performance-showing-balanced-vs-unbalanced-system-comparison-with-voltage-and-current-measurements.webp\" alt=\"Three-phase load imbalance effects on ATS performance showing balanced vs unbalanced system comparison with voltage and current measurements\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 8px;\">H\u00ecnh 5: Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ATS, so s\u00e1nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Tham Kh\u1ea3o Nhanh: Ma Tr\u1eadn L\u1ef1a Ch\u1ecdn ATS<\/h2>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; text-align: left;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<th>H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p<\/th>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i T\u1ea3i<\/th>\n<th>ATS \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ec1 Xu\u1ea5t<\/th>\n<th>C\u00e2n Nh\u1eafc Quan Tr\u1ecdng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t pha 240V<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/td>\n<td>2P (100-200A)<\/td>\n<td>2 c\u1ef1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng RV\/Di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td>Pha t\u00e1ch 120\/240V<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p 120V+240V<\/td>\n<td>3P ho\u1eb7c 4P (30-50A)<\/td>\n<td>Ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 hai d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n<td>M\u1ed9t pha 240V<\/td>\n<td>V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng + HVAC<\/td>\n<td>2P (200-400A)<\/td>\n<td>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cho d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9<\/td>\n<td>Ba pha 415V<\/td>\n<td>Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/td>\n<td>3P (100-400A)<\/td>\n<td>Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed li\u00ean k\u1ebft trung t\u00ednh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi lai<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Ba pha 415V<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n + l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>4P (63-250A)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<td>Ba pha 400V<\/td>\n<td>T\u1ea3i quan tr\u1ecdng<\/td>\n<td>4P (100-630A)<\/td>\n<td>B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<td>Ba pha 400V<\/td>\n<td>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng UPS<\/td>\n<td>4P (400-1000A)<\/td>\n<td>Chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch nhanh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecf qua<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o<\/td>\n<td>Ba pha 415V<\/td>\n<td>M\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng<\/td>\n<td>4P (250-800A)<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Th\u01b0\u1eddng G\u1eb7p: C\u00e1c C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Th\u01b0\u1eddng G\u1eb7p V\u1ec1 C\u1ea5u H\u00ecnh C\u1ef1c ATS<\/h2>\n<p><strong>H: T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ATS 3 c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ba pha 4 d\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 khi b\u1ea1n duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trung t\u00ednh v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n KH\u00d4NG \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ri\u00eang. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/hybrid-inverter-ats-wiring-guide-2-wire-start-neutral-bonding\/\">h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi lai<\/a> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 RCD, VIOX khuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh 4 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch do nhi\u1ec5u.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H: T\u1ea1i sao h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pha t\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch 3 c\u1ef1c?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n pha t\u00e1ch 120\/240V c\u00f3 hai d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng (L1, L2) c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i 240V v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch 120V. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc 2 c\u1ef1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y n\u00f3ng, khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ch 120V v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i 240V kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ATS 3 pha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh cho pha t\u00e1ch, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ATS 4 pha c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch trung t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i n\u1ed1i trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ATS 3 c\u1ef1c?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t song song nguy hi\u1ec3m. Khi c\u1ea3 trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua thanh trung t\u00ednh li\u1ec1n, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i qua m\u1ed9t trong hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a NEC 250.20, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Lu\u00f4n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf li\u00ean k\u1ebft trung t\u00ednh-\u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ATS 3 pha.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H: L\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ATS hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n pha trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/how-to-really-test-mccb-test-button-lie\/\">ampe k\u00ecm<\/a>. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng % = (\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trung b\u00ecnh \/ D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trung b\u00ecnh) \u00d7 100<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 20%, h\u00e3y ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t pha tr\u00ean c\u00e1c pha ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u1eaft do m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a ATS (n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p). Tham kh\u1ea3o <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/ats-troubleshooting-generator-wont-transfer\/\">h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ATS to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H: T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ATS 3 c\u1ef1c l\u00ean c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh 4 c\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. M\u1ed9t ATS 3 c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ba ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thanh d\u1eabn trung t\u00ednh li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i. M\u1ed9t ATS 4 c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ATS. VIOX cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 trang b\u1ecb th\u00eam v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng\u2014li\u00ean h\u1ec7 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H: T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea7u dao kh\u00e1c nhau cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ATS 3P so v\u1edbi 4P kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/types-of-circuit-breakers\/\">b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch<\/a> ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ATS. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ATS 3P, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u dao 3 c\u1ef1c <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-molded-case-circuit-breaker-mccb\/\">MCCBs<\/a> hay <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/complete-guide-to-air-circuit-breakers-acb\/\">ACB<\/a>. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ATS 4P, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u dao 4 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-does-a-solar-combiner-box-do\/\">c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a> n\u01a1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng DC v\u00e0 AC ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><strong>VIOX \u0110i\u1ec7n<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 15.000 b\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2008. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ATS chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ea1i <a href=\"mailto:sales@viox.com\">sales@viox.com<\/a> ho\u1eb7c truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/\">d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ATS<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Understanding Single-Phase vs. Three-Phase Power Systems Single-Phase Systems (1P+N): 220-240V Applications Single-phase power systems operate at 220-240V and consist of one hot conductor (L1) and one neutral conductor (N). These systems typically require a 2-pole (2P) automatic transfer switch that switches both the hot conductor and neutral simultaneously. Primary Applications: Residential buildings and apartments Small [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21246,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21245","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21245"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21245\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21247,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21245\/revisions\/21247"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21246"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21245"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21245"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}