{"id":19702,"date":"2025-11-12T09:31:30","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T01:31:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=19702"},"modified":"2025-11-12T09:31:33","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T01:31:33","slug":"diy-solar-combiner-box-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/diy-solar-combiner-box-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m: T\u1ea1i sao h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n (V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"product-intro\">\n<article><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19724\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-Why-Most-Homemade-Designs-Are-Fire-Hazards-And-What-You-Actually-Need.webp\" alt=\"You've got 10 REC 350W solar panels ready to mount. Five strings of two panels each. Each string pumping out 93.4 volts DC at 9 amps. You've researched DIY solar combiner box designs online, and you've done the math\u2014everything checks out.Then you price out a proper solar combiner box. $300. Maybe $400 if you want the one with integrated monitoring. You look at the Square D subpanel sitting in your garage\u2014the one you paid $60 for last year. Same metal box. Same bus bars. Same circuit breakers. Why exactly are you supposed to pay 5\u00d7 more for what looks like the same thing?Here's why: Because that $240 price gap is the difference between a system that works for 20 years and one that catches fire in 6 months.The Arc That Won't Die: Why DC Destroys AC EquipmentThe moment you flip an AC breaker open under load, an electrical arc forms between the separating contacts. It's plasma\u2014ionized gas carrying thousands of amps through what used to be air, generating temperatures that hit 35,000\u00b0F, which for reference is four times hotter than the surface of the sun.But here's the thing about AC arcs: they die on their own.Sixty times per second, standard AC power crosses through zero volts as the current alternates direction. At that exact moment\u2014lasting just milliseconds\u2014the arc loses its energy source and extinguishes. Contacts keep moving apart. Circuit opens. Done.DC doesn't do this.When you interrupt 93.4 volts DC, that arc lights up and stays lit for as long as the contacts are close enough to sustain it. There's no zero crossing. No natural interruption. Just continuous, unrelenting current trying to bridge that gap with a river of plasma that melts metal, ignites insulation, and keeps burning until the contacts have physically separated far enough\u2014typically 3-4 times farther than AC equipment is designed for.This is &quot;The Arc That Won't Die,&quot; and it's why every component inside a real DC-rated combiner box looks different from AC equipment. The contact spacing is wider. The arc chutes (those zigzag metal plates that stretch and cool the arc) are longer. Some DC breakers even use magnetic coils to physically blow the arc out, like extinguishing a candle.Your $60 AC subpanel has none of this.Its breakers are designed assuming the arc will naturally extinguish within 8 milliseconds. Put 93 volts DC through them, and that assumption becomes a liability. The contacts try to open, the arc forms, and instead of dying at the zero-crossing, it just... continues. The breaker's arc chutes aren't long enough. The contact separation isn't wide enough. The materials aren't rated for sustained DC arcing.Eventually, one of two things happens: the contacts weld together (permanently closing the circuit even when you think it's &quot;off&quot;), or the breaker's internal components melt and fail catastrophically. Neither outcome involves your solar system shutting down safely when you need it to.The 48V Confusion: Your Battery Voltage \u2260 Your String VoltageThis is where most DIY solar combiner box plans go sideways.You see &quot;48V system&quot; in your planning documents. You find an AC subpanel rated for &quot;48 volts.&quot; Perfect match, right?Wrong on three counts.First: That 48V battery rating is the nominal voltage\u2014the average operating point. Your 48V battery actually operates between 40V (discharged) and 58V (charging). Not relevant for combiner box sizing, but important to know the numbers move around.Second: Your solar strings don't care what voltage your batteries run at. Each REC 350W panel has an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 46.7V. Two panels in series? That's 93.4 volts\u2014nearly double your battery voltage\u2014and that's the number your DIY combiner box has to handle. You're not combining 48V; you're combining five separate 93.4V strings into one DC output circuit.Third\u2014and this is The Voltage Rating Trap: When an AC-rated panel says &quot;48 volts,&quot; it means 48 volts AC. If it has any DC rating at all (most don't), it's buried in the fine print and dramatically lower. A breaker rated for 240VAC might only be safe to 48VDC. A panel rated for 480VAC? Maybe 60-80VDC if you're lucky.Why the massive difference? Back to The Arc That Won't Die. AC voltage ratings assume the arc extinguishes naturally. DC voltage ratings assume the arc fights back and tries to sustain itself across wider gaps. The higher the DC voltage, the wider the gap it can jump, and the more robust the interrupting mechanism needs to be.So that Square D panel &quot;rated for 48V&quot;? Even if that's a DC rating (check the datasheet\u2014I'll wait), you're trying to push 93.4V through it. You're operating at 195% of its design voltage. That's not a safety margin; that's a countdown timer.What $240 Actually Buys You: Inside UL 1741 Certification&quot;It's just a UL sticker,&quot; you might think. &quot;I can skip that for a DIY setup.&quot;But UL 1741\u2014the standard for solar combiner boxes and interconnection equipment\u2014isn't checking whether your box has rounded corners and a nice paint job. It's testing whether your equipment survives the exact failure modes that happen in real-world PV systems.Here's what a combiner box goes through to earn that UL 1741 listing:DC arc fault testing: Can the breakers interrupt an arc at full string voltage under maximum current? They test this hundreds of times. Your AC panel's breakers? Never tested for DC arcing. Zero times.Short-circuit current testing: What happens when two strings accidentally short together, dumping 90 amps through a bus bar rated for 20? The test exposes every connection point to fault currents 10-20\u00d7 normal operating current. Everything that's going to melt, melts in the lab instead of on your roof.Temperature cycling: Rooftop combiner boxes swing from -40\u00b0F winter nights to 140\u00b0F summer days under direct sun. UL cycles the equipment through these extremes while fully loaded. Connections that would loosen after three years of thermal expansion? They fail in the test chamber.Environmental protection: That NEMA 3R rating isn't decorative. It means the box survives horizontal rain, doesn't accumulate ice that blocks ventilation, and keeps dust off the bus bars even when mounted in a dusty industrial environment. Your garage subpanel is NEMA 1\u2014designed for nice, clean indoor use at room temperature.The real cost of that $240 upgrade isn't the materials. A DC-rated breaker costs maybe $30 instead of $12 for an AC breaker. The metal enclosure costs another $50. The rest? It's the engineering hours spent making sure those components work together reliably under worst-case conditions, and the testing to prove it.When you skip UL 1741, you're not just missing a sticker. You're missing 10,000 hours of destructive testing that identified every single failure mode your roof-mounted box is going to face over the next 20 years. You're beta-testing those failure modes yourself.In real-time.On your roof.4 Non-Negotiable Requirements for a Safe DIY Solar Combiner BoxLet's be clear: building your own solar combiner box is technically possible. But it's only worth doing if you meet every single one of these requirements. Skip even one, and you'd be better off buying the pre-made box.Requirement #1: DC-Rated Components with Proper Voltage RatingsYour shopping list for a DIY solar combiner box starts here: every breaker, fuse, bus bar, terminal block, and disconnect inside that box must be explicitly rated for DC voltage and for at least 600 volts DC.Not 600VAC. Not &quot;suitable for solar.&quot; Not &quot;probably fine.&quot; The datasheet must state: &quot;600VDC&quot; in plain text.Why 600V when your strings are only 93.4V? Two reasons. First, NEC Article 690.7 requires voltage calculations based on the coldest expected temperature in your location. Solar panels produce higher voltage when cold\u2014up to 10-15% higher than nameplate Voc depending on your climate zone. Your 46.7V panels might hit 53V each on a January morning. Two in series? 106 volts per string.Second, you need safety margin for transient voltage spikes during cloud-edge effects (when sunlight intensity changes rapidly) and for equipment degradation over time. Industry standard: if your maximum system voltage is under 150VDC, use 600VDC-rated components. It's not overkill; it's the minimum for 25-year service life.Where to source DC-rated components:DC breakers: Manufacturers like ABB, Eaton, Mersen, and Littelfuse make DC-rated molded case circuit breakers (MCCBs). Expect to pay $35-60 per breaker vs $12-18 for equivalent AC breakers. Check for &quot;UL 489 supplement&quot; DC rating or &quot;IEC 60947-2 DC&quot; marking.Fuses: Ferraz Shawmut, Mersen, and Littelfuse offer PV-rated fuses with 600VDC to 1000VDC ratings. Use 15A fuses for standard 350W panels (calculated as Isc \u00d7 1.56 per NEC 690.8). Cost: $8-15 per fuse plus $25-40 per fuse holder.Bus bars: Copper or aluminum rated for 90\u00b0C minimum. Many AC-rated bus bars work fine, but verify the material spec handles DC current density (1.5-2.0 A\/mm\u00b2 for copper).Pro-Tip #1: That &quot;48V&quot; marking on AC equipment? It refers to your battery voltage, not your panel string voltage. Your 48V battery system has 93.4V strings that need proper 600VDC-rated DC equipment.Requirement #2: UL 1741-Listed Enclosure or Equivalent ProtectionThe metal box itself matters more than you think when building a DIY solar combiner box.For rooftop installation, you need at minimum a NEMA 3R (rain-tight) or IP54 (dust and splash protected) rated enclosure. NEMA 1 indoor panels are not suitable. The enclosure must:Handle thermal cycling: Rooftop temperatures swing 80-100\u00b0F daily. The enclosure needs gaskets that maintain their seal, knockouts that don't crack from expansion\/contraction, and paint that doesn't flake off and contaminate electrical connections.Provide adequate ventilation: DC breakers generate heat when carrying current. Without proper ventilation, internal temperatures can exceed component ratings even when the ambient temperature is acceptable. Look for enclosures with ventilation calculated for at least 30% more thermal load than your maximum string current.Include proper grounding provisions: Your enclosure needs dedicated grounding bus bars with mechanical lugs (not spring clips) rated for #6 AWG copper minimum. Every metal surface inside the box must be bonded to ground. This isn't optional\u2014NEC 690.43 requires it.Cost reality check: A proper NEMA 3R enclosure sized for 5-6 strings (approximately 12&quot; \u00d7 16&quot; \u00d7 6&quot;) runs $80-150. A weatherproof outdoor-rated enclosure with the right knockouts, bus bars, and mounting hardware? $120-200. That's 50-60% of your total DIY combiner box cost right there.If you're thinking &quot;I'll just use the AC panel and add a weatherproof cover,&quot; stop. Those covers are designed to keep rain off the switches during momentary use\u2014not provide continuous NEMA 3R protection for equipment that lives outdoors 24\/7 for 25 years.Requirement #3: Arc Fault Protection (NEC 690.11 Compliance)Here's where most DIY solar combiner box builds fail code inspection.NEC 690.11 mandates arc fault circuit interrupters (AFCI) for any PV system with DC circuits operating at 80 volts or higher. Your 93.4V strings? You're 17% over the threshold. AFCI is non-negotiable.What AFCI actually does: It monitors the electrical signature of current flowing through the DC circuits and detects the specific noise pattern of an arc fault\u2014the chaotic, high-frequency signal that appears when current jumps across a gap. When detected, it immediately interrupts the circuit before the arc can ignite nearby materials.Remember The Arc That Won't Die? AFCI is specifically designed to kill it.Your two options:Option 1 - Inverter with integrated AFCI: Most modern string inverters (SMA, SolarEdge, Fronius, etc.) have built-in arc fault detection per UL 1741. If your inverter has this, you don't need separate AFCI in your DIY combiner box. Verify this by checking your inverter's spec sheet for &quot;UL 1741 AFCI compliant&quot; or &quot;NEC 690.11 arc fault protection.&quot;Option 2 - Standalone AFCI device: If your inverter doesn't include AFCI, you need a listed arc fault detector installed in your combiner box or within 6 feet of it. These cost $200-400 and require additional wiring. Brands include Sensata, Eaton, and Mersen. This alone might make your DIY combiner box more expensive than buying a pre-made one.Exception: If your DC wiring runs in metal conduit or metal-clad cable, and never exits that metal raceway between the panels and the inverter, you can skip AFCI. But realistically? Rooftop installations use exposed PV wire with MC4 connectors, which means AFCI is required.Pro-Tip #2: DC arcs don't die when you flip the switch\u2014they keep burning at 35,000\u00b0F until physically suppressed. AFCI is how you suppress them before they start fires.Requirement #4: Proper Labeling and Documentation (NEC 690.7, 690.15)Code inspectors will red-tag your DIY solar combiner box installation for missing labels faster than for questionable component choices.Required labels on your DIY combiner box:1. Maximum DC voltage label (NEC 690.7):MAXIMUM DC VOLTAGE: 106V(Based on 2\u00d7 46.7V panels at -10\u00b0C ambient)COMPLIES WITH NEC 690.7(D)This label must be placed on the combiner box exterior and visible without opening the enclosure.2. DC combiner identification (NEC 690.15):WARNING:DC COMBINER BOXMULTIPLE DC VOLTAGE SOURCESDO NOT DISCONNECT UNDER LOAD3. Conductor identification (NEC 690.31):Every incoming string must be labeled with its source location:&quot;STRING 1 - ARRAY NORTH&quot;&quot;STRING 2 - ARRAY NORTH&quot;&quot;STRING 3 - ARRAY SOUTH&quot;etc.4. Grounding electrode conductor label (if applicable):If your grounding conductor terminates in the combiner box, label it per NEC 690.47.Use outdoor-rated label stock (3M or Brady polyester labels with UV-resistant ink). Printed paper labels in weatherproof sleeves won't pass inspection\u2014they degrade too quickly.Documentation you need:One-line diagram showing string configuration and voltagesComponent datasheets proving DC ratingsCalculation showing NEC 690.7 max voltageNEC 690.8 current calculationsKeep copies inside the combiner box in a weatherproof document pouch. Inspectors may request them.The Real Math: $300 Combiner Box vs. The AlternativeLet's talk money. Real money.Your compliant DIY solar combiner box parts list:NEMA 3R enclosure with breaker mounts: $120Five DC-rated 15A breakers at $45 each: $225DC-rated bus bars and terminals: $60Hardware, labels, wire, connectors: $40Total: $445Wait. The pre-made UL 1741-listed combiner box costs $320. Your &quot;DIY savings&quot;? You're losing $125 plus 6-8 hours of assembly and wiring time.But that's assuming you don't need separate AFCI. Add that $300 device? Now you're at $745 vs. $320 for the pre-made box that includes integrated AFCI.The math doesn't work for most DIY solar combiner box projects. Unless you're building for 10+ strings where pre-made boxes get expensive (over $800), or you need a custom configuration that's not available off-the-shelf, DIY combiner boxes are often more expensive than buying properly certified equipment.Here's the math that really matters:Cost of one electrical fire: $50,000-$250,000 in structural damage, depending on when the fire department arrives.Cost of homeowner's insurance premium increase after an electrical fire: 20-40% increase for 3-5 years = $1,200-$3,000 additional cost.Cost of insurance claim denial because you used non-listed equipment: 100% of the damages = whatever the fire costs.Cost of permitting issues when you try to sell your house: Delays, re-inspections, potential contractor costs to bring to code = $2,000-$8,000.That $240 price difference? It's not buying a fancy label. It's buying peace of mind that every single component was torture-tested for the exact failure modes that happen on rooftops. It's buying insurance-compliant equipment that won't void your policy. It's buying inspector-approved hardware that won't delay your permit by three months.Pro-Tip #3: The real DIY skill isn't figuring out how to build everything yourself\u2014it's knowing which corners you can cut and which ones cut back. Combiner boxes cut back.When DIY Actually Makes SenseDon't mistake this article for &quot;never build anything yourself.&quot; Solar installations have plenty of legitimate DIY opportunities:Smart DIY projects:Racking and mounting: You can absolutely design and install your own panel mounting system. It's mechanical, it's verifiable, and there's no Arc That Won't Die trying to kill you if you get something wrong.Conduit runs: Running EMT or PVC conduit from your combiner box to your inverter? Great DIY project. Just follow NEC conduit fill calculations.System monitoring: Adding performance monitoring, data logging, even IoT integrations to track your system? Go wild. Worst case is you lose some data.Reckless DIY projects:Combiner boxes (as we've discussed)DC disconnects between combiner and inverter (same issues: DC arc interruption, voltage ratings)Inverter installation (complex electrical connections, AC\/DC integration points)Service panel interconnections (requires licensed electrician in most jurisdictions)The pattern? If it's carrying high-voltage DC or connecting to your main electrical service, hire professionals or buy listed equipment. If it's structural, mechanical, or low-voltage monitoring, DIY away.The Bottom Line: Build Smart, Not Just CheapIf you made it this far, you're already ahead of 90% of DIY solar installers. You're asking the right questions.Here's what you've learned:The Arc That Won't Die: DC arcs don't self-extinguish like AC arcs. They burn at 35,000\u00b0F until physically suppressed. AC equipment isn't designed for this.The 48V Confusion: Your battery voltage isn't your string voltage. That 48V system has 93.4V strings that need 600VDC-rated equipment, not repurposed AC panels.The Voltage Rating Trap: AC voltage ratings don't translate to DC. A 240VAC breaker might only be safe to 48VDC. Your 93.4V strings exceed most AC equipment's DC capability.The Compliance Cost: Building a code-compliant DIY solar combiner box costs $445-$745. Buying a pre-made UL 1741-listed box? $320. The math doesn't support DIY unless you need custom configurations.Can you technically build your own combiner box? Yes. With the right components, proper enclosures, AFCI protection, and correct labeling, it's possible.Should you? Probably not. The cost savings evaporate once you price out DC-rated components and AFCI. The time investment (8-10 hours for first build, 4-6 for subsequent ones) rarely justifies the marginal savings. And the liability if something goes wrong\u2014that insurance claim denial, that permit rejection, that inspector's red tag\u2014wipes out any financial benefit.The real DIY move? Know when to build and when to buy.Save your DIY energy for the racking, the monitoring systems, the conduit runs, the parts of solar installations where your effort actually multiplies your money instead of just increasing your risk.And that $60 Square D panel in your garage? Use it where it belongs\u2014on an AC circuit, where the zero-crossing does the heavy lifting and arcs die on their own like they're supposed to.Because in solar PV, the most expensive mistake isn't the one that costs you $300 up front. It's the one that saves you $240 today and costs you $50,000 six months from now when The Arc That Won't Die finds something flammable.Ready to do your solar installation right? Check out our complete line of UL 1741-listed combiner boxes and DC-rated protection equipment designed specifically for residential and commercial PV systems. We've already done the engineering and testing\u2014you get reliable equipment at prices that make DIY look expensive.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-Why-Most-Homemade-Designs-Are-Fire-Hazards-And-What-You-Actually-Need.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-Why-Most-Homemade-Designs-Are-Fire-Hazards-And-What-You-Actually-Need-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-Why-Most-Homemade-Designs-Are-Fire-Hazards-And-What-You-Actually-Need-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-Why-Most-Homemade-Designs-Are-Fire-Hazards-And-What-You-Actually-Need-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-Why-Most-Homemade-Designs-Are-Fire-Hazards-And-What-You-Actually-Need-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-Why-Most-Homemade-Designs-Are-Fire-Hazards-And-What-You-Actually-Need-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-Why-Most-Homemade-Designs-Are-Fire-Hazards-And-What-You-Actually-Need-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 10 t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi REC 350W \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. N\u0103m chu\u1ed7i, m\u1ed7i chu\u1ed7i hai t\u1ea5m pin. M\u1ed7i chu\u1ed7i t\u1ea1o ra 93.4 volt DC \u1edf 9 amps. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n\u2014m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ed5n.<\/p>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. $300. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 $400 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. B\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 Square D \u0111ang n\u1eb1m trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 xe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n\u2014c\u00e1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 $60 v\u00e0o n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i. V\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Thanh c\u00e1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau. C\u1ea7u dao gi\u1ed1ng nhau. T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 g\u1ea5p 5 l\u1ea7n cho th\u1ee9 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do: B\u1edfi v\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 $240 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong 20 n\u0103m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y trong 6 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<section>\n<h2>H\u1ed3 Quang Kh\u00f4ng T\u1eaft: T\u1ea1i Sao DC Ph\u00e1 H\u1ee7y Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb AC<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19720\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Arc-That-Wont-Die-AC-vs.-DC-Interruption.webp\" alt=\"The Arc That Won't Die: AC vs. DC Interruption\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Arc-That-Wont-Die-AC-vs.-DC-Interruption.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Arc-That-Wont-Die-AC-vs.-DC-Interruption-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Arc-That-Wont-Die-AC-vs.-DC-Interruption-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Arc-That-Wont-Die-AC-vs.-DC-Interruption-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Arc-That-Wont-Die-AC-vs.-DC-Interruption-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Arc-That-Wont-Die-AC-vs.-DC-Interruption-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Arc-That-Wont-Die-AC-vs.-DC-Interruption-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc b\u1ea1n l\u1eadt m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/mcb\/\">C\u1ea7u dao AC<\/a> m\u1edf khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 plasma\u2014kh\u00ed ion h\u00f3a mang h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn ampe qua th\u1ee9 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 35.000\u00b0F, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00ec n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 h\u1ed3 quang AC: ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 t\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n AC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111i qua kh\u00f4ng volt khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u01b0\u1edbng. Ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3\u2014k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i mili gi\u00e2y\u2014h\u1ed3 quang m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1eaft. C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di chuy\u1ec3n ra xa. M\u1ea1ch h\u1edf. Xong.<\/p>\n<p>DC kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n ng\u1eaft 93.4 volt DC, h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u00f3 s\u00e1ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u1eabn s\u00e1ng ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec n\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng plasma l\u00e0m tan ch\u1ea3y kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e1y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ee7 xa\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng xa h\u01a1n 3-4 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb AC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ed3 Quang Kh\u00f4ng T\u1eaft,\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb AC. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang (nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh zigzag k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t h\u1ed3 quang) d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7u dao DC th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed5i t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 AC $60 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ed3 quang s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 t\u1eaft trong v\u00f2ng 8 mili gi\u00e2y. \u0110\u1eb7t 93 volt DC qua ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng. C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng m\u1edf ra, h\u1ed3 quang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 thay v\u00ec t\u1eaft \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9\u2026 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00e0i. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho h\u1ed3 quang DC li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t trong hai \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y ra: c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau (\u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u201ct\u1eaft\u201d), ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u dao tan ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>S\u1ef1 Nh\u1ea7m L\u1eabn 48V: \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p Pin C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n \u2260 \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p Chu\u1ed7i C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19721\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Voltage-Rating-Trap-AC-vs.-DC-Ratings.webp\" alt=\"The Voltage Rating Trap: AC vs. DC Ratings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Voltage-Rating-Trap-AC-vs.-DC-Ratings.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Voltage-Rating-Trap-AC-vs.-DC-Ratings-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Voltage-Rating-Trap-AC-vs.-DC-Ratings-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Voltage-Rating-Trap-AC-vs.-DC-Ratings-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Voltage-Rating-Trap-AC-vs.-DC-Ratings-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Voltage-Rating-Trap-AC-vs.-DC-Ratings-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/The-Voltage-Rating-Trap-AC-vs.-DC-Ratings-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY \u0111i sai h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 48V\u201d trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 AC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho \u201c48 volt.\u201d Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n<p>Sai \u1edf ba \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c pin 48V \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 <em>danh ngh\u0129a<\/em> \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\u2014\u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trung b\u00ecnh. Pin 48V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa 40V (x\u1ea3) v\u00e0 58V (s\u1ea1c). Kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1 h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Th\u1ee9 hai:<\/strong> C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u00e0 pin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y. M\u1ed7i t\u1ea5m REC 350W c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf (Voc) l\u00e0 46.7V. Hai t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 93.4 volt\u2014g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p pin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n\u2014v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y DIY c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p 48V; b\u1ea1n \u0111ang k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103m chu\u1ed7i 93.4V ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ra DC.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Th\u1ee9 ba\u2014v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 C\u00e1i B\u1eaby \u0110\u1ecbnh M\u1ee9c \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p:<\/strong> Khi m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC n\u00f3i \u201c48 volt,\u201d n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 48 volt <em>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/em>. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC n\u00e0o (h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng), n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i trong ph\u1ea7n ch\u1eef in nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho 240VAC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn 48VDC. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho 480VAC? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 60-80VDC n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n may m\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Quay l\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 Quang Kh\u00f4ng T\u1eaft. \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p AC gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed3 quang t\u1ef1 t\u1eaft. \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ed3 quang ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC c\u00e0ng cao, kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea3y qua c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ng\u1eaft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Square D \u0111\u00f3 \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho 48V\u201d? Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC (ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u2014t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee3i), b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea9y 93.4V qua n\u00f3. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf 195% \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfm th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng G\u00ec $240 Th\u1ef1c S\u1ef1 Mua Cho B\u1ea1n: B\u00ean Trong Ch\u1ee9ng Nh\u1eadn UL 1741<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19722\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UL-1741-What-Certification-Actually-Buys-You.webp\" alt=\"UL 1741- What Certification Actually Buys You.webp\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UL-1741-What-Certification-Actually-Buys-You.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UL-1741-What-Certification-Actually-Buys-You-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UL-1741-What-Certification-Actually-Buys-You-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UL-1741-What-Certification-Actually-Buys-You-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UL-1741-What-Certification-Actually-Buys-You-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UL-1741-What-Certification-Actually-Buys-You-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/UL-1741-What-Certification-Actually-Buys-You-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n d\u00e1n UL,\u201d b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129. \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp DIY.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng UL 1741\u2014ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\u2014kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra xem h\u1ed9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c g\u00f3c tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp s\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb9p hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 \u0111ang ki\u1ec3m tra xem thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PV th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y tr\u1ea3i qua \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c danh s\u00e1ch UL 1741 \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i h\u1ed3 quang DC:<\/strong> C\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u00f4ng? H\u1ecd ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n AC c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ec1 h\u1ed3 quang DC. Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi hai chu\u1ed7i v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi nhau, \u0111\u1ed5 90 ampe qua m\u1ed9t thanh c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho 20? Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1ea5p 10-20 l\u1ea7n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u1ebd tan ch\u1ea3y, tan ch\u1ea3y trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m thay v\u00ec tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00eam m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng -40\u00b0F \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y h\u00e8 140\u00b0F d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. UL chu k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qua nh\u1eefng th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. C\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1ebd l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo sau ba n\u0103m gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t? Ch\u00fang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong bu\u1ed3ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c NEMA 3R \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trang tr\u00ed. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ed9p s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua m\u01b0a ngang, kh\u00f4ng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 b\u0103ng l\u00e0m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef b\u1ee5i kh\u1ecfi thanh c\u00e1i ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ee5i b\u1eb7m. B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 xe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 NEMA 1\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<p>Chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p $240 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 $30 thay v\u00ec $12 cho m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u dao AC. V\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00eam $50. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf qua UL 1741, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n d\u00e1n. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 10.000 gi\u1edd th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c m\u00e0 h\u1ed9p g\u1eafn tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong 20 n\u0103m t\u1edbi. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m beta c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>4 Y\u00eau C\u1ea7u Kh\u00f4ng Th\u1ec3 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cho M\u1ed9t H\u1ed9p \u0110\u1ea5u D\u00e2y N\u0103ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi DIY An To\u00e0n<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00e3y l\u00e0m r\u00f5: vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ecdi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. B\u1ecf qua ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu mua h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19723\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4-Non-Negotiable-Requirements-for-a-Safe-DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box.webp\" alt=\"4 Non-Negotiable Requirements for a Safe DIY Solar Combiner Box\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4-Non-Negotiable-Requirements-for-a-Safe-DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4-Non-Negotiable-Requirements-for-a-Safe-DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4-Non-Negotiable-Requirements-for-a-Safe-DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4-Non-Negotiable-Requirements-for-a-Safe-DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4-Non-Negotiable-Requirements-for-a-Safe-DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4-Non-Negotiable-Requirements-for-a-Safe-DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/4-Non-Negotiable-Requirements-for-a-Safe-DIY-Solar-Combiner-Box-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Y\u00eau C\u1ea7u #1: C\u00e1c Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1ea7n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ecbnh M\u1ee9c DC V\u1edbi \u0110\u1ecbnh M\u1ee9c \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p Ph\u00f9 H\u1ee3p<\/h3>\n<p>Danh s\u00e1ch mua s\u1eafm c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y: m\u1ecdi c\u1ea7u dao, <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/san-pham\/viox-dc-fuse-holder-vor-32-series\/\">c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/busbar\/\">thanh c\u00e1i<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/terminal block\" data-wplink-url-error=\"true\" rel=\"nofollow\">thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i kh\u1ed1i<\/a>, v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u00ean trong h\u1ed9p \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC <em>v\u00e0<\/em> cho \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 600 volt DC.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 600VAC. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cth\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.\u201d Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cc\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u1ed5n.\u201d B\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i ghi r\u00f5: <strong>\u201c600VDC\u201d<\/strong> b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i sao 600V khi c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 93.4V? Hai l\u00fd do. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0110i\u1ec1u 690.7 c\u1ee7a NEC y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean <em>l\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t<\/em> nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n khi tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1nh\u2014cao h\u01a1n 10-15% so v\u1edbi Voc tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m 46.7V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 53V m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang. Hai t\u1ea5m n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp? 106 volt m\u1ed7i chu\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c gai \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tho\u00e1ng qua trong c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (khi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng) v\u00e0 cho s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb theo th\u1eddi gian. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh: n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi 150VDC, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 600VDC. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 25 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>DC breakers:<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 ABB, Eaton, Mersen v\u00e0 Littelfuse s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea7u dao v\u1ecf \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC (MCCB). D\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 $35-60 m\u1ed7i c\u1ea7u dao so v\u1edbi $12-18 cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u dao AC t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC \u201cb\u1ed5 sung UL 489\u201d ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u \u201cIEC 60947-2 DC\u201d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea7u ch\u00ec:<\/strong> Ferraz Shawmut, Mersen v\u00e0 Littelfuse cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c PV v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 600VDC \u0111\u1ebfn 1000VDC. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec 15A cho c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m 350W ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (t\u00ednh theo Isc \u00d7 1.56 theo NEC 690.8). Chi ph\u00ed: $8-15 m\u1ed7i c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi $25-40 m\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thanh c\u00e1i:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f4m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 90\u00b0C. Nhi\u1ec1u thanh c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng h\u00e3y x\u00e1c minh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC (1.5-2.0 A\/mm\u00b2 cho \u0111\u1ed3ng).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pro-\u0110\u1ea7u #1:<\/strong> D\u1ea5u \u201c48V\u201d tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb AC? N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p pin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p chu\u1ed7i t\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin 48V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i 93.4V c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb DC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 600VDC ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<h3>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u #2: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ul.com\/news\/ul-launches-advanced-inverter-testing-and-certification-program\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">UL 1741<\/a>-V\u1ecf b\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ho\u1eb7c B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ed9p kim lo\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t <strong>NEMA 3R<\/strong> (ch\u1ed1ng m\u01b0a) ho\u1eb7c <strong>IP54<\/strong> (ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 b\u1eafn n\u01b0\u1edbc) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m trong nh\u00e0 NEMA 1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. V\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<p><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng 80-100\u00b0F h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. V\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00edn, c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 ch\u1edd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t do gi\u00e3n n\u1edf\/co l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t khi mang d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ngay c\u1ea3 khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00ecm c\u00e1c v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho t\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 30% so v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n chu\u1ed7i t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong> V\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c thanh c\u00e1i n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5u c\u01a1 (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i k\u1eb9p l\u00f2 xo) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u cho \u0111\u1ed3ng #6 AWG. M\u1ecdi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i b\u00ean trong h\u1ed9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn\u2014NEC 690.43 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc NEMA 3R th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cho 5-6 chu\u1ed7i (x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 12\u2033 \u00d7 16\u2033 \u00d7 6\u2033) c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 $80-150. M\u1ed9t v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 ch\u1edd, thanh c\u00e1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p? $120-200. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 50-60% t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p DIY c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ngay t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ngh\u0129 \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng AC v\u00e0 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t n\u1eafp ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft,\u201d h\u00e3y d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng n\u1eafp n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u01b0a kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi\u2014kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 NEMA 3R li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi 24\/7 trong 25 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<h3>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u #3: B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n (Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 NEC 690.11)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p>NEC 690.11 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n (AFCI) cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PV n\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ch DC ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf <strong>80 volt tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/strong>. Chu\u1ed7i 93,4V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng 17%. AFCI l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AFCI th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m g\u00ec:<\/strong> N\u00f3 theo d\u00f5i ch\u1eef k\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch DC v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1eabu nhi\u1ec5u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7i h\u1ed3 quang\u2014t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ea3y qua m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e2n c\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f2n nh\u1edb H\u1ed3 quang kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1eaft ch\u1ee9? AFCI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn 1 \u2013 Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n c\u00f3 AFCI t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/strong> H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n chu\u1ed7i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (SMA, SolarEdge, Fronius, v.v.) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p theo UL 1741. N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n AFCI ri\u00eang trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p DIY c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. X\u00e1c minh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u201cTu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 UL 1741 AFCI\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cB\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n NEC 690.11\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn 2 \u2013 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb AFCI \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m AFCI, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y d\u00f2 h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c trong v\u00f2ng 6 feet t\u00ednh t\u1eeb n\u00f3. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 $200-400 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00eam h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m Sensata, Eaton v\u00e0 Mersen. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p DIY c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c mua m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n DC c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y trong \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1p b\u1ecdc kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1ng c\u00e1p kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua AFCI. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf? C\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2y PV l\u1ed9 ra ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i MC4, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 AFCI l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro-\u0110\u1ea7u #2:<\/strong> H\u1ed3 quang DC kh\u00f4ng t\u1eaft khi b\u1ea1n g\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc\u2014ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e1y \u1edf 35.000\u00b0F cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft v\u1eadt l\u00fd. AFCI l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h3>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u #4: Ghi nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p (NEC 690.7, 690.15)<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c thanh tra vi\u00ean m\u00e3 s\u1ebd g\u1eafn th\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0o c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e3n nhanh h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c nh\u00e3n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c tr\u00ean h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p DIY c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Nh\u00e3n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC t\u1ed1i \u0111a (NEC 690.7):<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre>\u0110I\u1ec6N \u00c1P DC T\u1ed0I \u0110A: 106V\n<\/pre>\n<p>Nh\u00e3n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1edf v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p DC (NEC 690.15):<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre>C\u1ea2NH B\u00c1O:\n<\/pre>\n<p><strong>3. Nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng d\u00e2y d\u1eabn (NEC 690.31):<\/strong><br \/>\nM\u1ecdi chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cCHU\u1ed6I 1 \u2013 M\u1ea2NG B\u1eaeC\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cCHU\u1ed6I 2 \u2013 M\u1ea2NG B\u1eaeC\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cCHU\u1ed6I 3 \u2013 M\u1ea2NG NAM\u201d<\/li>\n<li>v\u00e2n v\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>4. Nh\u00e3n d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3):<\/strong><br \/>\nN\u1ebfu d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, h\u00e3y d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n cho n\u00f3 theo NEC 690.47.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u00e3n kho ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi (nh\u00e3n polyester 3M ho\u1eb7c Brady v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm). Nh\u00e3n gi\u1ea5y in trong \u1ed1ng b\u1ecdc ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ki\u1ec3m tra\u2014ch\u00fang xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p qu\u00e1 nhanh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p chu\u1ed7i<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u0111a NEC 690.7<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n NEC 690.8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao b\u00ean trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong m\u1ed9t t\u00fai t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft. C\u00e1c thanh tra vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>Ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: H\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p $300 so v\u1edbi Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00e3y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c. Ti\u1ec1n th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u1ecf b\u1ecdc NEMA 3R v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch: $120<\/li>\n<li>N\u0103m b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch 15A \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 $45 m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i: $225<\/li>\n<li>Thanh c\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC: $60<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, nh\u00e3n, d\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i: $40<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: $445<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ch\u1edd \u0111\u00e3. H\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea UL 1741 l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 $320. \u201cTi\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m DIY\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? B\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u1ea5t $125 c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 6-8 gi\u1edd l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111i d\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n AFCI ri\u00eang. Th\u00eam thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb $300 \u0111\u00f3? B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ee9c $745 so v\u1edbi $320 cho h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n bao g\u1ed3m AFCI t\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY. Tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho 10+ chu\u1ed7i n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n (tr\u00ean $800) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p DIY th\u01b0\u1eddng <em>h\u01a1n<\/em> \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c mua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Chi ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n: \u20ab50.000.000-\u20ab250.000.000 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p>Chi ph\u00ed t\u0103ng ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m nh\u00e0 sau m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n: t\u0103ng 20-40% trong 3-5 n\u0103m = chi ph\u00ed b\u1ed5 sung \u20ab1.200.000-\u20ab3.000.000.<\/p>\n<p>Chi ph\u00ed t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea: 100% thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i = b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed ch\u00e1y l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau.<\/p>\n<p>Chi ph\u00ed c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u00e1n nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: Ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5, t\u00e1i ki\u1ec3m tra, chi ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang quy chu\u1ea9n = \u20ab2.000.000-\u20ab8.000.000.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 \u20ab240 \u0111\u00f3?<\/strong> \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 mua m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 mua s\u1ef1 an t\u00e2m r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 mua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 mua ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh tra vi\u00ean ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong ba th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro-\u0110\u1ea7u #3:<\/strong> K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng DIY th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9\u2014m\u00e0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c n\u00e0o c\u1eaft l\u1ea1i. H\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y c\u1eaft l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>Khi n\u00e0o DIY Th\u1ef1c S\u1ef1 H\u1ee3p L\u00fd<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1eebng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u201ckh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec\u201d. L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i DIY h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n DIY th\u00f4ng minh:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t:<\/strong> B\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eafp t\u1ea5m pin c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. N\u00f3 mang t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 H\u1ed3 Quang B\u1ea5t Di\u1ec7t c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ebft b\u1ea1n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m sai \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn:<\/strong> Ch\u1ea1y \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn EMT ho\u1eb7c PVC t\u1eeb h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? D\u1ef1 \u00e1n DIY tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn NEC.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> Th\u00eam gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p IoT \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? C\u1ee9 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n DIY li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y<\/strong> (nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i DC<\/strong> gi\u1eefa h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n (c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1: ng\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang DC, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p)<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n<\/strong> (k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p AC\/DC)<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/strong> (y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh? N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 mang d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y thu\u00ea chuy\u00ean gia ho\u1eb7c mua thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, h\u00e3y DIY.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-18030\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pv-combiner-box.webp\" alt=\"pv combiner box\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pv-combiner-box.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pv-combiner-box-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pv-combiner-box-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pv-combiner-box-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pv-combiner-box-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pv-combiner-box-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pv-combiner-box-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u0110i\u1ec3m M\u1ea5u Ch\u1ed1t: X\u00e2y D\u1ef1ng Th\u00f4ng Minh, Kh\u00f4ng Ch\u1ec9 R\u1ebb<\/h2>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa 90% nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1ed3 Quang B\u1ea5t Di\u1ec7t:<\/strong> H\u1ed3 quang DC kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3 quang AC. Ch\u00fang ch\u00e1y \u1edf 35.000\u00b0F cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb AC kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 Nh\u1ea7m L\u1eabn 48V:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p pin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p chu\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 48V \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i 93,4V c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 600VDC, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m AC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1eaby \u0110\u1ecbnh M\u1ee9c \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00c1p:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p AC kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh DC. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch 240VAC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn 48VDC. C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i 93,4V c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng DC c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb AC.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chi Ph\u00ed Tu\u00e2n Th\u1ee7:<\/strong> X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi DIY tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u20ab445-\u20ab745. Mua m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea UL 1741 l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n? \u20ab320. Ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 DIY tr\u1eeb khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 AFCI v\u00e0 ghi nh\u00e3n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 n\u00ean l\u00e0m v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC v\u00e0 AFCI. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian (8-10 gi\u1edd cho l\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, 4-6 gi\u1edd cho nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo) hi\u1ebfm khi bi\u1ec7n minh cho kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nh\u1ecf. V\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1p l\u00fd n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n\u2014vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a thanh tra vi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3\u2014x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch m\u1ecdi l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc DIY th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1?<\/strong> Bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean mua.<\/p>\n<p>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DIY c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n cho gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u01a1i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n Square D \u20ab60 \u0111\u00f3 trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 xe c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1\u2014tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch AC, n\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 quang t\u1ef1 t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1edfi v\u00ec trong PV n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, sai l\u1ea7m t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1n \u20ab300 tr\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u20ab240 h\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1n \u20ab50.000 s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd khi H\u1ed3 Quang B\u1ea5t Di\u1ec7t t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>S\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/strong> H\u00e3y xem d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea UL 1741 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PV d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\u2014b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 khi\u1ebfn DIY tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You&#8217;ve got 10 REC 350W solar panels ready to mount. Five strings of two panels each. Each string pumping out 93.4 volts DC at 9 amps. You&#8217;ve researched DIY solar combiner box designs online, and you&#8217;ve done the math\u2014everything checks out. Then you price out a proper solar combiner box. $300. Maybe $400 if you [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19725,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19702","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19702","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19702"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19702\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19728,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19702\/revisions\/19728"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19702"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19702"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19702"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}