{"id":19576,"date":"2025-11-09T19:30:19","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T11:30:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=19576"},"modified":"2025-11-09T19:30:21","modified_gmt":"2025-11-09T11:30:21","slug":"flame-resistant-heat-shrink-tube-failure-prevention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/flame-resistant-heat-shrink-tube-failure-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea1i Sao \u1ed0ng Co Nhi\u1ec7t C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n B\u1ecb H\u1ecfng (V\u00e0 C\u00e1ch C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i Ch\u1ed1ng Ch\u00e1y Ng\u0103n Ng\u1eeba \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0110\u00f3)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"Main<\/p>\n

3:42 SA. \u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n rung. \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb s\u1eadp. T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ed1c kh\u00f3i.\u201d<\/p>\n

Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Bay 3. M\u00f9i kh\u00e9t x\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u0169i b\u1ea1n ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n m\u1edf c\u1eeda. B\u00ean trong, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng gi\u1edd tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t x\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ebfn b\u1ecb tan ch\u1ea3y. \u1ed0ng co nhi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc? Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecfng\u2014ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap<\/em> \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y lan r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a thanh tra t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hai ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1: \u201cV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y.\u201d D\u1ecbch ra: b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed 40% cho \u1ed1ng \u201ct\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eeba tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 $67.000. Ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t polyolefin ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y UL 224 VW-1\u2014m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ai n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn: \u1ed0ng co nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00e1y<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ee7: \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb polyolefin li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang. Polyolefin l\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a. Nh\u1ef1a ch\u00e1y. \u0110\u00f4i khi r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\u2014h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed9i, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean h\u00e0i h\u00f2a t\u1eeb VFD, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf\u2014\u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1eaft x\u00edch y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t. \u1ed0ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd tan ch\u1ea3y. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e1y, polyolefin ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y h\u1ebft. N\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e1y. C\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2y b\u00f4ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. Ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda lan d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

\u1ed0ng co nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/strong> Khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh than v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft. H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau\u2014kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u201ct\u1ed1t h\u01a1n\u201d, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a halogen, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thu nhi\u1ec7t khi \u0111un n\u00f3ng, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp than b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa x\u0103ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecdt ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eeda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eddi m\u1ed9t v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Quy t\u1eafc 60 gi\u00e2y: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0m cho \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t \u201cch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y\u201d<\/h2>\n

\"A<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y. Tham gia th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m VW-1\u2014ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda d\u00e2y d\u1ecdc\u201d t\u1eeb UL 1581 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n UL 224 cho \u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc. G\u1eafn m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t d\u00e0i 24 inch theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ed1t ki\u1ec3u Bunsen \u1edf g\u00f3c 20\u00b0 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00f3. \u0110\u1eb7t b\u00f4ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y (\u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt \u0111ang ch\u00e1y). Treo m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 c\u1edd gi\u1ea5y kraft \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng (\u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 lan c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda).<\/p>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda trong 15 gi\u00e2y<\/li>\n
  • Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda<\/li>\n
  • Ch\u1edd m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft (ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i \u0111a 60 gi\u00e2y)<\/li>\n
  • L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u0103m l\u1ea7n<\/strong> t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 75 gi\u00e2y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua VW-1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u201cch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y\u201d, \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. T\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft trong v\u00f2ng 60 gi\u00e2y sau m\u1ed7i<\/em> l\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda\u2014\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cQuy t\u1eafc 60 gi\u00e2y\u201d<\/li>\n
    2. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 25% c\u1ee7a c\u1edd ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o<\/li>\n
    3. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1t b\u00f4ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u1ed0ng co nhi\u1ec7t polyolefin ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n? Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i th\u1ea3m h\u1ea1i. \u1ed0ng tan ch\u1ea3y, nh\u1ecf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111ang ch\u00e1y l\u00ean b\u00f4ng (b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y), v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda lan l\u00ean tr\u00ean qu\u00e1 v\u1ea1ch 25%. \u1ed0ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng VW-1? V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh than, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft trong v\u00f2ng 10-20 gi\u00e2y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y b\u00f4ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

      Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/strong> N\u0103m l\u1ea7n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i\u2014ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra trong nhi\u1ec1u chu k\u1ef3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t qua th\u1eed th\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u00e0 v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng VW-1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

      H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u: T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ed1ng ng\u1eebng ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n

      \"An<\/p>\n

      \u1ed0ng co nhi\u1ec7t polyolefin ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngang ng\u0103n c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i polyme tan ch\u1ea3y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

      \u1ed0ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y th\u00eam c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a halogen\u2014th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia g\u1ed1c ph\u1ed1t pho ho\u1eb7c hydroxit kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y:<\/p>\n

      Khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao:<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y thu nhi\u1ec7t (h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/li>\n
      • Ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed tr\u01a1 l\u00e0m lo\u00e3ng kh\u00ed d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y<\/li>\n
      • Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp than cacbon b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/li>\n
      • L\u1edbp than ng\u0103n oxy ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u01b0a ch\u00e1y b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y: b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng b\u1ecb \u0111en v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec tan ch\u1ea3y. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc: v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

        X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eabn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/strong> gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y\u2014c\u1ea3 hai th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb -55\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 125\u00b0C \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c polyolefin. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 co ng\u00f3t. M\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 co ng\u00f3t 2:1 ho\u1eb7c 3:1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 quan tr\u1ecdng khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n

        T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2025, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng $3,3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t $4,32 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2032, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

        Khi n\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng (v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng)<\/h2>\n

        Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng VW-1. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

        B\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7n \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y cho:<\/h3>\n

        T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng VFD:<\/strong> \u1ed4 \u0111\u0129a t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i theo th\u1eddi gian. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cao trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 5-7 l\u1ea7n c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ea3i), v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o cho s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, \u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n UL 508A ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u00e2y ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

        D\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n xe \u0111i\u1ec7n cao \u00e1p:<\/strong> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin EV ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 400V \u0111\u1ebfn 800V DC v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 1.000 ampe. Trong c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf cao, \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 lan truy\u1ec1n l\u1eeda qua to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00f3 d\u00e2y. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t EV th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng VW-1 ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt y\u00eau c\u1ea7u FMVSS 302 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho \u00f4 t\u00f4) cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 pin.<\/p>\n

        C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1:<\/strong> C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 MIL-DTL-23053 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e1y bay. \u1ede \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n trong cabin l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. \u1ed0ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi VW-1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

        M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 b\u1ee5i d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1ef1a ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5 b\u1ee5i. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u00e2y ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p NFPA 79 khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

        B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho:<\/h3>\n

        D\u00e2y t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi 50V) trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, t\u1ea1o m\u1eabu v\u00e0 b\u00e0n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng n\u01a1i m\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n

        Khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/h3>\n

        \u0110\u1eb7t ba c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/li>\n
        2. C\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft l\u1eeda n\u1ebfu k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u00e0y b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i?<\/li>\n
        3. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (UL 508A, NEC, IEC 60204) c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          N\u1ebfu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 10 ampe, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f2ng 3 feet, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu m\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\u2014h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e1ch x\u00e1c minh b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng VW-1<\/h2>\n

          \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu: kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng co nhi\u1ec7t \u201cch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y\u201d \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn UL th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

          T\u00ecm c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh \u1ed1ng:<\/h3>\n