{"id":19015,"date":"2025-07-28T14:33:59","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T06:33:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=19015"},"modified":"2026-01-19T09:07:47","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T01:07:47","slug":"dc-isolator-vs-ac-isolator-switch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/dc-isolator-vs-ac-isolator-switch\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly AC: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"product-intro\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #f9f9f9; border-left: 5px solid #fd041a; padding: 20px; margin-bottom: 30px;\">\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 0;\">Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"margin-bottom: 0;\">\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng:<\/strong> D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n AC t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng (100-120 l\u1ea7n\/gi\u00e2y), trong khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC duy tr\u00ec h\u1ed3 quang li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u00e1ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang s\u00e2u, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n AC.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng DC d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 690V AC \u2192 ~220V DC).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Quy t\u1eafc an to\u00e0n:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng DC nh\u01b0 Solar PV ho\u1eb7c L\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u1edf c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly. 600 volt, 32 ampe. Quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f3a\/c\u00f4 l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u1ed9t d\u00e3y pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho DC.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ean trong v\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi\u2014m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u plasma r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, duy tr\u00ec d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n 600V DC qua kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ion h\u00f3a. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AC, h\u1ed3 quang n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 t\u1eaft trong v\u00f2ng 10 mili gi\u00e2y, b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp theo. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng. H\u1ed3 quang duy tr\u00ec. C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly l\u1ebd ra ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 <strong>\u201cL\u01b0\u1edbi An To\u00e0n C\u1eaft Kh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/strong>\u2014AC c\u00f3 n\u00f3, DC th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19021\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/isolator-switches.webp\" alt=\"isolator switches\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/isolator-switches.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/isolator-switches-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/isolator-switches-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/isolator-switches-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/isolator-switches-600x450.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-dc-isolator-switch\/\">c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly<\/a><\/strong> (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1ecfi ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/iec-60947-3-utilization-categories-guide\/\">TRUY\u1ec0N th\u00f4ng 60947-3:n\u0103m 2020<\/a> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1 th\u1ebf (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1000V AC v\u00e0 1500V DC), c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c quan\u2014m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c minh\u2014gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/circuit-breaker-vs-isolator-switch\/\">b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch<\/a>, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. B\u1ea1n m\u1edf ch\u00fang khi m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c mang t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1ch ly an to\u00e0n cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00f3a (m\u00f3c kh\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c tay c\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3a) \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 LOTO (Kh\u00f3a\/G\u1eafn th\u1ebb).<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng: v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a <strong>ng\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang<\/strong>\u2014\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c micro gi\u00e2y sau khi b\u1ea1n m\u1edf c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc\u2014v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi AC so v\u1edbi DC. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 AC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m) cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 DC, ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. T\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi \u201c690V\u201d, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 690V <em>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/em>. AC. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi 600V DC? B\u1ea1n v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00f3ng h\u1ed3 quang ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra b\u00ean trong m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch ra d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro-\u0110\u1ea7u #1:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng DC tr\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\/d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 690V AC th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DC l\u00e0 220-250V DC\u2014\u00edt h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi 4 t\u1ea5m \u1edf m\u1ea1ch h\u1edf.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 D\u1eadp T\u1eaft H\u1ed3 Quang: T\u1ea1i Sao DC L\u1ea1i Kh\u00e1c Bi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20304\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/viox-isolator-principle.svg\" alt=\"VIOX Isolator Switch Principle\" width=\"800\" height=\"680\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n m\u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi. Khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1ch ra, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ecf\u2014micromet, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 milimet\u2014\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ion h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh plasma d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea1y qua h\u1ed3 quang n\u00e0y ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o nhau.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly m\u1ea1ch, h\u1ed3 quang n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>d\u1eadp t\u1eaft<\/strong>. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i AC v\u00e0 DC ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h3>AC: \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1eaft Kh\u00f4ng T\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean<\/h3>\n<p>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AC 50 Hz v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\/d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng 100 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 60 Hz v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng 120 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y. C\u1ee9 sau 8,33 mili gi\u00e2y (60 Hz) ho\u1eb7c 10 mili gi\u00e2y (50 Hz), d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng\u2014v\u00e0 \u0111i qua s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy tr\u00ec h\u1ed3 quang. Plasma kh\u1eed ion. H\u1ed3 quang t\u1eaft. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1ch ra \u0111\u1ee7 xa v\u00e0o n\u1eeda chu k\u1ef3 ti\u1ebfp theo, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda l\u1ea1i) v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u1ed3 quang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 <strong>\u201cL\u01b0\u1edbi An To\u00e0n C\u1eaft Kh\u00f4ng.\u201d<\/strong> C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly AC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u00e0y. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch khe h\u1edf v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng bu\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 quang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ed3 quang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda l\u1ea1i sau \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<h3>DC: V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 H\u1ed3 Quang V\u00f4 T\u1eadn<\/h3>\n<p>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd. M\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi 600V DC cung c\u1ea5p 600 volt li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Khi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly t\u00e1ch ra v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. H\u1ed3 quang s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1ed9t trong ba \u0111i\u1ec1u sau x\u1ea3y ra:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn<\/strong> \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ngay c\u1ea3 h\u1ed3 quang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eafc qua n\u00f3 (\u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi AC)<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ed3 quang b\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 th\u1ed5i ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/strong> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau<\/strong> t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4 l\u1eadp<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn 3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC trong d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 DC. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch khe h\u1edf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t cho AC\u2014v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ebfn sau 10 mili gi\u00e2y\u2014l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho DC. H\u1ed3 quang duy tr\u00ec. S\u1ef1 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch ly.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro-\u0110\u1ea7u #2:<\/strong> D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n AC v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng 100 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y (50 Hz) ho\u1eb7c 120 l\u1ea7n (60 Hz)\u2014m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed3 quang t\u1ef1 t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf\u2014\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC c\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang s\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly AC kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20305\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/AC-vs-DC-Arc-Extinction-Mechanisms.webp\" alt=\"AC vs DC Arc Extinction Mechanisms\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/AC-vs-DC-Arc-Extinction-Mechanisms.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/AC-vs-DC-Arc-Extinction-Mechanisms-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/AC-vs-DC-Arc-Extinction-Mechanisms-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/AC-vs-DC-Arc-Extinction-Mechanisms-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/AC-vs-DC-Arc-Extinction-Mechanisms-600x338.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 1: C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf D\u1eadp T\u1eaft H\u1ed3 Quang AC so v\u1edbi DC. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n AC v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng 100-120 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ed3 quang t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng\u2014h\u1ed3 quang duy tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf C\u00f4ng T\u1eafc C\u00e1ch Ly DC: Chi\u1ebfn Binh Bu\u1ed3ng H\u1ed3 Quang<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00ec h\u1ed3 quang DC s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC ph\u1ea3i bu\u1ed9c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 <strong>\u201cChi\u1ebfn Binh Bu\u1ed3ng H\u1ed3 Quang\u201d<\/strong>\u2014m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<h3>Cu\u1ed9n D\u00e2y Th\u1ed5i T\u1eeb T\u00ednh<\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p <strong>cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m. Khi m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 quang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ed3 quang (v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng), t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c Lorentz \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ed3 quang ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n tay t\u1eeb t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ed3 quang ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i n\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n \u1edf. B\u1ea1n di chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ed3 quang c\u00e0ng nhanh v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng xa, n\u00f3 c\u00e0ng ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 duy tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00e1ng H\u1ed3 Quang (T\u1ea5m Chia)<\/h3>\n<p>Khi h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed5i v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 quang, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i <strong>m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang<\/strong>\u2014c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng) chia h\u1ed3 quang th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n. M\u1ed7i \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p r\u01a1i ri\u00eang. Khi t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p r\u01a1i tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, h\u1ed3 quang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec. N\u00f3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly AC v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. H\u1ed3 quang ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c \u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, m\u1ecdi l\u00fac.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u Ti\u1ebfp \u0110i\u1ec3m B\u1ea1c Cao<\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ed3 quang DC r\u1ea5t t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m. H\u1ed3 quang duy tr\u00ec \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1c cao h\u01a1n (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim b\u1ea1c-vonfram ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1c-niken) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n v\u00e0 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng thau ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly AC.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3? M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 1000V DC \u1edf 32A l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n 2-3 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly AC c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00f9y \u00fd\u2014\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c bu\u1ed9c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro-\u0110\u1ea7u #3:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1edf m\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1i \u0111a (Voc) c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i 10 t\u1ea5m m\u00f4-\u0111un 400W c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 500-600V DC \u1edf -10\u00b0C\u2014v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u201cc\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng DC\u201d. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/connection-of-dc-isolators\/\">K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<figure><\/figure>\n<figure><div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-19015 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-full'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/?attachment_id=14986'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"VOPV DC Isolator Switch NL1_T Series\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1-100x100.webp 100w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/elementor\/thumbs\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-1-r3ntkz9aljrq1yjgy0uif02c7rkuczs5lic1glcknc.webp 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/?attachment_id=14983'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"VOPV DC Isolator Switch NL1 Series\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-NL1_T-Series-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/vopv-dc-isolator-switch-l2-series\/'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-L2-Series.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"VOPV DC Isolator Switch L2 Series\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-L2-Series.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-L2-Series-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-L2-Series-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-L2-Series-768x768.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-L2-Series-12x12.webp 12w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-L2-Series-600x600.webp 600w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/VOPV-DC-Isolator-Switch-L2-Series-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<figcaption>H\u00ecnh 2: <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/dc-isolator-switch\/\">S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea9m C\u00f4ng T\u1eafc C\u00e1ch Ly DC Th\u1ef1c T\u1ebf<\/a>. C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho 1000V DC v\u00e0 32A cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf C\u00f4ng T\u1eafc C\u00e1ch Ly AC: C\u01b0\u1ee1i Tr\u00ean \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1eaft Kh\u00f4ng<\/h2>\n<p>So v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly AC r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft nhanh h\u01a1n). Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang s\u00e2u. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i sao? B\u1edfi v\u00ec <strong>\u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c<\/strong>. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly AC kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c\u2014m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ed3 quang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda l\u1ea1i sau khi gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch khe h\u1edf \u0111\u1ee7:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 3-6mm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi AC \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n h\u1ed3 quang c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (arc tracking) tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3. B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n theo k\u1ecbp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 3 pha, h\u00e3y xem <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/complete-guide-to-3-phase-isolator-switch\/\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly 3 pha<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-20308 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ac-isolator-switch.webp\" alt=\"ac isolator switch\" width=\"353\" height=\"446\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ac-isolator-switch.webp 806w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ac-isolator-switch-238x300.webp 238w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ac-isolator-switch-768x970.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ac-isolator-switch-10x12.webp 10w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/ac-isolator-switch-600x758.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 4: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC (T\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng). B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC 3 pha n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3\u2014kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed3ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>M\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i: n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n <em>ph\u1ea3i<\/em> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC cho DC (\u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed), th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 <strong>\u201cM\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 690V AC \u2192 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 220-250V DC<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 400V AC \u2192 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 150-180V DC<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c 230V AC \u2192 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 80-110V DC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ed3 quang DC v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ed3 quang AC. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi PV, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 <strong>\u201cC\u00e1i b\u1eaby chu\u1ed7i PV.\u201d<\/strong> M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi 400W th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1edf m\u1ea1ch (Voc) kho\u1ea3ng 48-50V \u1edf STC. Gh\u00e9p 10 t\u1ea5m pin l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau: 480-500V. Nh\u01b0ng Voc t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC 400V v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC 180V? Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro-\u0110\u1ea7u #4:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u\u2014ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/indoor-outdoor-isolator-switch-ip-ratings\/\">X\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng IP cho c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20307\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/The-Voltage-Derating-Penalty-graph.webp\" alt=\"The Voltage Derating Penalty graph\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/The-Voltage-Derating-Penalty-graph.webp 800w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/The-Voltage-Derating-Penalty-graph-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/The-Voltage-Derating-Penalty-graph-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/The-Voltage-Derating-Penalty-graph-18x10.webp 18w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/The-Voltage-Derating-Penalty-graph-600x338.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 5: M\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC m\u1ea5t 60-70% kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng DC.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC so v\u1edbi AC<\/h2>\n<table border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"10\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/th>\n<th>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC<\/th>\n<th>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf D\u1eadp H\u1ed3 quang<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (100-120 l\u1ea7n\/gi\u00e2y)<\/td>\n<td>D\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c (th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb + m\u00e1ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>3-6mm (thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p)<\/td>\n<td>8-15mm (kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\n<td>C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m chia s\u00e2u, h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn (\u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft nhanh)<\/td>\n<td>B\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c (nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng thau, h\u1ee3p kim ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td>\n<td>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1c cao (h\u1ee3p kim Ag-W, Ag-Ni)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>690V AC<\/td>\n<td>1000V DC ho\u1eb7c 1500V DC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>32A, 63A, 125A \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<td>16A-1600A (ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n cho PV\/ESS)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110i\u1ec3n H\u00ecnh \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, HVAC, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i AC c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<td>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi PV, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin, s\u1ea1c EV, l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n si\u00eau nh\u1ecf DC<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>IEC 60947-3:2020 (C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng AC)<\/td>\n<td>IEC 60947-3:2020 (C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DC: DC-21B, DC-PV2)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>K\u00edch Th\u01b0\u1edbc V\u00e0 Tr\u1ecdng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, nh\u1eb9<\/td>\n<td>L\u1edbn h\u01a1n, n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n (k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea5p 2-3 l\u1ea7n cho c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Chi ph\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n)<\/td>\n<td>\u0110\u1eaft h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p 2-3 l\u1ea7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Th\u1eddi gian h\u1ed3 quang khi m\u1edf<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>&lt;10ms (\u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp theo)<\/td>\n<td>Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi d\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Ch\u00eca Kh\u00f3a Ch\u1ecdn:<\/strong> \u201cM\u1ee9c ph\u1ea1t chi ph\u00ed g\u1ea5p 2-3 l\u1ea7n\u201d cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u0103ng gi\u00e1\u2014n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh thu\u1ebf v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC so v\u1edbi AC<\/h2>\n<p>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1edf th\u00edch ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed\u2014m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u1edbp kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h3>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC cho:<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (PV)<\/strong><br \/>\nM\u1ecdi chu\u1ed7i DC c\u1ee7a m\u1ea3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch ly gi\u1eefa m\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p chu\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t 600-1000V DC. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm danh m\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IEC 60947-3 DC-PV2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch PV. Tham kh\u1ea3o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/solar-combiner-box-voltage-ratings-600v-vs-1000v-vs-1500v\/\">Ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng pin (ESS)<\/strong><br \/>\nC\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i pin ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p DC t\u1eeb 48V \u0111\u1ebfn 800V+. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch ly gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un pin v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng s\u1ea1c EV<\/strong><br \/>\nB\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c nhanh DC cung c\u1ea5p 400-800V DC tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn pin xe.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. L\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n si\u00eau nh\u1ecf DC v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><br \/>\nC\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i 380V DC \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i DC h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft<\/strong><br \/>\nT\u00e0u v\u00e0 t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i DC (24V, 48V, 110V, 750V) trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7.<\/p>\n<h3>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC cho:<\/h3>\n<p><strong>1. M\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/strong><br \/>\nC\u00e1ch ly cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng AC, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng HVAC v\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u01a1m.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i AC trong t\u00f2a nh\u00e0<\/strong><br \/>\nC\u00e1ch ly cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i chung c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n AC c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><br \/>\nT\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u00e1y v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/ac-contactor\/\">Ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m AC<\/a> v\u00e0 PLC.<\/p>\n<h3>Quy t\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 DC\u2014ngay c\u1ea3 48V DC\u2014h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC. V\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ed3 quang kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p; ch\u00fang quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng. H\u1ed3 quang 48V DC v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m trong c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng cho AC.<\/p>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-20306\" src=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/DC-Isolator-in-Solar-PV-Application.webp\" alt=\"DC Isolator in Solar PV Application\" width=\"700\" height=\"467\" srcset=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/DC-Isolator-in-Solar-PV-Application.webp 700w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/DC-Isolator-in-Solar-PV-Application-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/DC-Isolator-in-Solar-PV-Application-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/test.viox.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/DC-Isolator-in-Solar-PV-Application-600x400.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption>H\u00ecnh 6: B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng PV n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf). H\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1edf n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC, c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec, thanh c\u00e1i v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i trong tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 4 b\u01b0\u1edbc cho b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC<\/h2>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00ec <strong>PV n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi:<\/strong> T\u00ednh to\u00e1n Voc chu\u1ed7i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. Voc t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng 0,3-0,4% tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u00b0C d\u01b0\u1edbi 25\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Chu\u1ed7i 10 t\u1ea5m, Voc = 49V\/t\u1ea5m \u1edf STC. \u1ede -10\u00b0C: 49V \u00d7 1,14 (h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9) \u00d7 10 t\u1ea5m = <strong>\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 559V DC<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pro-M\u1eb9o:<\/strong> Lu\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u00edt nh\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n 20% so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00ec <strong>PV n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch chu\u1ed7i (Isc) \u00d7 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 an to\u00e0n 1,25.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: X\u00e1c minh lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n<p>Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IEC 60947-3: DC-21B cho m\u1ea1ch DC chung, DC-PV2 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch DC quang \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch (N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng)<\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eaft s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/dc-isolator-vs-dc-circuit-breaker-complete-comparison-guide\/\">C\u1ea7u dao DC<\/a> thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro-\u0110\u1ea7u #5:<\/strong> B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n 2-3 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang s\u00e2u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h2>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3>T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng DC kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng\u201d c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang \u0111i\u1ec7n. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n trong c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc AC, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC l\u1edbn h\u01a1n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC?<\/h3>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u00e1ng d\u1eadp h\u1ed3 quang s\u00e2u h\u01a1n (t\u1ea5m chia), \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n h\u1ed3 quang \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeda l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec (c\u00e1ch ly m\u1ea1ch) v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh khi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i. M\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-dc-circuit-breaker\/\">C\u1ea7u dao DC<\/a> cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 khi c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: V\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC v\u00e0 AC kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, chi ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c s\u1edf th\u00edch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly AC d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o <strong>\u201cL\u01b0\u1edbi An To\u00e0n C\u1eaft Kh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/strong>. B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi <strong>\u201cV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ed3 quang v\u00f4 t\u1eadn\u201d<\/strong>. H\u1ed3 quang s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc bu\u1ed9c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft th\u00f4ng qua cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u1ed5i t\u1eeb v\u00e0 m\u00e1ng h\u1ed3 quang s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly cho chu\u1ed7i PV n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ed3 quang duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n. Quy t\u1eafc r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 DC, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea7n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n PV n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n?<\/strong> Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch DC tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 IEC 60947-3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 466.914px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 466.914px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 653.914px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 653.914px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Key Takeaways Zero-Crossing Factor: AC current naturally extinguishes arcs at zero-crossings (100-120 times\/sec), while DC current sustains arcs continuously. Design Differences: DC isolators require magnetic blow-out coils and deep arc chutes, making them physically larger and more expensive than AC versions. Voltage Derating: Using an AC isolator for DC applications results in a significant drop [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19023,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19015","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19015","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19015"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19015\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21359,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19015\/revisions\/21359"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19023"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19015"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19015"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19015"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}