{"id":15201,"date":"2025-04-08T20:15:10","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T12:15:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=15201"},"modified":"2026-04-02T11:29:23","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T03:29:23","slug":"dc-isolator-vs-dc-circuit-breaker-complete-comparison-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/dc-isolator-vs-dc-circuit-breaker-complete-comparison-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Aptomat c\u00e1ch ly DC so v\u1edbi Aptomat b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n DC trong h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi: Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau, r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c nhau"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"product-intro\">\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Inside-a-solar-combiner-box-showing-DC-breakers-and-an-output-side-DC-isolator.webp\" alt=\"Inside a solar combiner box showing DC breakers and an output-side DC isolator\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"margin-top: 8px; color: #555;\"><i>B\u00ean trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi: H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00ean trong r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea7u ra ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.<\/i><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>B\u00ean trong m\u1ed7i h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, hai lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch DC xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i cho nhau theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. <strong>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC<\/strong> A ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch ly th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. <strong>C\u1ea7u dao DC<\/strong> A ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. V\u00e0 khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00e0m m\u1edd ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd nh\u1ecf. N\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i g\u00e2y phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu, quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u00f3 x\u1eed ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed3 quang DC k\u00e9o d\u00e0i b\u00ean trong v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV, l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9p c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 hai <strong>ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/strong>, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh bao qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/combiner-box\/\">trang s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/a> ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-does-a-solar-combiner-box-do\/\">ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a>. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ranh gi\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00ean trong h\u1ed9p.<\/p>\n<h2>Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t <strong>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC<\/strong> l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh cho <strong>c\u00e1ch ly th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t <strong>C\u1ea7u dao DC<\/strong> l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh cho <strong>ng\u1eaft qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>c\u00e1c <strong>ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch ly<\/strong> h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/li>\n<li>c\u00e1c <strong>ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ea7u dao<\/strong> h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 chu\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u1ebfu danh s\u00e1ch, nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay th\u1ebf b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 thay th\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<h2>So s\u00e1nh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC so v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Technical-infographic-comparing-DC-isolators-and-DC-circuit-breakers-in-solar-combiner-boxes.webp\" alt=\"Technical infographic comparing DC isolators and DC circuit breakers in solar combiner boxes\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"margin-top: 8px; color: #555;\"><i>So s\u00e1nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC (C\u00f4ng t\u1eafc-B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i) v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC (DC-MCB) trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV.<\/i><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<table border=\"1\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; text-align: left;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px;\">N\u0103ng<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px;\">B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px;\">B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>C\u00e1ch ly th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">C\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">\u0110\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Yes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>Ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1ch ly<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Th\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed tay c\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eaft t\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc-b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 DC PV<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c DC v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ng\u1eaft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ra k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">\u1ede m\u1ee9c chu\u1ed7i, m\u1ee9c nh\u00f3m chu\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ra k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\"><strong>Khi c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">Khi h\u1ed9p c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch ly th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px;\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 <strong>ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/strong>. B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 <strong>ng\u1eaft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u1ea1i sao h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u chu\u1ed7i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea7u ra DC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m thu kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n<h3>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 1: L\u1ed7i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h3>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i song song, m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 khung m\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00f3. Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean NEC, cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi <strong>690.9 B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng<\/strong>. Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean IEC, logic t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n cho c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng PV.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Technical-diagram-showing-per-string-protection-and-output-isolation-inside-a-solar-combiner-box.webp\" alt=\"Technical diagram showing per-string protection and output isolation inside a solar combiner box\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"margin-top: 8px; color: #555;\"><i>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng: Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i chu\u1ed7i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ea7u ra b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/i><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Vai tr\u00f2 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec chu\u1ed7i<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC<\/li>\n<li>m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Pro M\u1eb9o:<\/strong> Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf PV ki\u1ec3u NEC, m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhanh l\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i song song c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p 12 chu\u1ed7i, m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng <strong>11 x Isc<\/strong> t\u1eeb c\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c tranh ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/solar-combiner-box-protection-design\/\">thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a> l\u00e0 trang h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 2: Gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an to\u00e0n cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/h3>\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch ly h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. C\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft.<\/p>\n<p>Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi <strong>NEC 690.13<\/strong> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC, k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1ch ly PV nh\u01b0 <strong>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n IEC 60364-7-712<\/strong>. T\u1ea1i \u00dac v\u00e0 New Zealand, <strong>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n AS\/NZS 5033<\/strong> th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC PV.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pro M\u1eb9o:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch ly c\u0169ng n\u00ean tu\u00e2n theo <strong>\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1edf m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1nh<\/strong>, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng danh \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p chu\u1ed7i PV t\u0103ng khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4-\u0111un gi\u1ea3m, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn qu\u00e1 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Voc STC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng l\u1ea1nh m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 hai:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>m\u1ed9t <strong>ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>m\u1ed9t <strong>ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch ly \/ ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PV th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c quy m\u00f4 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u chu\u1ed7i \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bus chung.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p chu\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5p nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 ng\u0103n m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n. B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly \u0111\u1ea7u ra ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u00e1ch h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u, kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1eeba. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho h\u1ed9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chu\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e1nh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i<\/li>\n<li>v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i theo \u0111\u00fang tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1<\/li>\n<li>c\u00e1ch ly h\u1ed9p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/li>\n<li>kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi \u00edt nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u00edt th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Khi n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch ly DC l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc <strong>kh\u00f4ng<\/strong> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u201cb\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly\u201d trong m\u1ecdi h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>m\u1ed9t ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/li>\n<li>m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/li>\n<li>m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/li>\n<li>m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u1eaft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea7u dao ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u00edch danh m\u1ee5c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1ch ly r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u01a1n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00e1c trang h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/dc-isolator-switch\/\">c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/what-is-a-dc-isolator-switch\/\">c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc c\u00e1ch ly DC l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Khi n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c khi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c m\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng khi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ba ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eafc song song theo logic NEC<\/li>\n<li>\u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i<\/li>\n<li>d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/li>\n<li>thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t cho b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L\u00fd do c\u1ea7u dao DC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 tay c\u1ea7m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ea1ch c\u1ea7n <strong>ng\u1eaft s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong> trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n DC.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u dao, c\u00e1c trang h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 li\u00ean quan nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/a-practical-guide-to-dc-circuit-breakers-for-solar-battery-and-ev-systems\/\">h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u1ea7u dao DC<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/dc-circuit-breaker-sizing-nec-690-vs-iec-60947-2-guide\/\">\u0110\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1 c\u1ea7u dao DC: NEC 690 so v\u1edbi IEC 60947-2<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1i kia kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf c\u1ea7u dao DC khi c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf b\u1eb1ng tay.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u1ea7u dao DC kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay th\u1ebf b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u1ea7u dao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c minh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>danh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u<\/li>\n<li>t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng DC<\/li>\n<li>li\u1ec7u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li>li\u1ec7u quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00f3 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c hay kh\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i n\u00e0o th\u1eafng?\u201d \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cli\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y v\u1eabn cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc, thanh tra vi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn?\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV<\/h2>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\">\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Technical-infographic-showing-common-DC-isolator-and-DC-breaker-selection-mistakes-in-solar-combiner-boxes.webp\" alt=\"Technical infographic showing common DC isolator and DC breaker selection mistakes in solar combiner boxes\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\"><figcaption style=\"margin-top: 8px; color: #555;\"><i>An to\u00e0n h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV: 4 sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u dao AC\/DC, l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t sai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p.<\/i><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>1. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c AC trong m\u1ea1ch PV DC<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Ng\u1eaft DC kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u1eaft AC. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i trong b\u1ea3ng AC kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV DC. Trong AC, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i qua \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap d\u1eadp t\u1eaft h\u1ed3 quang. Trong DC, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ed3 quang DC, h\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 duy tr\u00ec tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edf.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> h\u1ed3 quang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Coi c\u1ea7u dao chu\u1ed7i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i chu\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t bus \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u1eaft m\u00e1y g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Coi B\u1ed9 C\u00e1ch Ly \u0110\u1ea7u Ra Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ec3 N\u00f3 Gi\u1ea3i Quy\u1ebft B\u1ea3o V\u1ec7 Qu\u00e1 D\u00f2ng<\/h3>\n<p>N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ng\u1eaft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u1ecf b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Ch\u1ec9 Ch\u1ecdn Theo \u0110\u1ecbnh M\u1ee9c Ampe<\/h3>\n<p>Trong h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p PV, c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u1ef1c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DC, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1eaft, h\u00e0nh vi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean nh\u00e3n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 PV th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3>5. L\u1eafp \u0110\u1eb7t Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb Ng\u1eaft K\u1ebft N\u1ed1i Sai V\u1ecb Tr\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ed9p ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb sao cho n\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n m\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u1eafc \u1edf sai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn bus ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n khi \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> H\u1ed9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ly tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd trong khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Tr\u1ed9n L\u1eabn C\u00e1c H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n M\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng N\u00eau R\u00f5 C\u01a1 S\u1edf D\u1ef1 \u00c1n<\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n r\u1ea5t nhanh khi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a NEC, IEC v\u00e0 AS\/NZS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u00f9ng nhau m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o chi ph\u1ed1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t lu\u00f4n l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> Nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t sai b\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n chi ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<h3>T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch DC trong m\u1ed7i h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 hai <strong>ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/strong>: c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng. C\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<h3>Aptomat DC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i PV kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 khi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 danh s\u00e1ch, nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3. K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra x\u00e1c minh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y thay v\u00ec m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi aptomat DC \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch ly DC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00f3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea7u dao chu\u1ed7i (string breaker) trong m\u1ecdi h\u1ed9p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p (combiner box) kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 d\u00f2ng \u1edf c\u1ea5p chu\u1ed7i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ed7i song song, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Trong nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, c\u1ea7u ch\u00ec chu\u1ed7i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>Coi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch ly l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn cho <strong>ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd<\/strong> v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ng\u1eaft m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn cho <strong>ng\u1eaft s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>. Sau \u0111\u00f3, x\u00e1c minh xem d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Inside a solar combiner box: A clear internal view showing DC circuit breakers used for string protection and a main output-side DC isolator for manual disconnection. Inside every solar combiner box, two types of DC switching devices show up repeatedly, and they are not interchangeable by default. A DC isolator is mainly there to provide [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15202,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15201"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23344,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15201\/revisions\/23344"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}