{"id":21206,"date":"2026-01-05T23:22:32","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T15:22:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=21206"},"modified":"2026-01-05T23:22:33","modified_gmt":"2026-01-05T15:22:33","slug":"contactor-troubleshooting-guide-buzzing-coil-failure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/contactor-troubleshooting-guide-buzzing-coil-failure\/","title":{"rendered":"Common Contactor Problems &amp; Troubleshooting Guide: Buzzing, Chattering, and Coil Failure"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"product-intro\">\n<h2>\u1014\u102d\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a\u1038<\/h2>\n<p>\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b- 50 kW \u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102c\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1017\u102c\u1010\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1011\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1010\u101b\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1016\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1036\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1002\u103b\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1000\u103b\u101a\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u101e\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1014\u1036\u1037\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u1015\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102c \u1040\u1004\u103a\u1004\u103d\u1031\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1011\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102e\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1024\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1021\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1021\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1014\u1031\u1037\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1031\u102c\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c\u101e\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/ac-contactor\/\"><strong>Contactors<\/strong><\/a> \u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102c\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u101c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1031\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1011\u102d \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1024\u1015\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1005\u102f\u1036\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c \u1041\u1040 \u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u104a \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103b\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1005\u103d\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u1015\u103c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<h2>\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u1030\u1019\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h2>\n<p>\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/contactors-vs-relays-understanding-the-key-differences\/\">contactor<\/a> \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u1030 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a-<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1011\u1030\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u201c\u1000\u101c\u1005\u103a\u201d \u1021\u101e\u1036 (\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1006\u103d\u1032\u1021\u102c\u1038)<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u102e\u101c\u102e\u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1042\u1040-\u1045\u1040 \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u101e\u1036 (&lt;1 \u1019\u102e\u1010\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a 40 dBA) \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1011\u1000\u103a 40-50\u00b0C \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a &lt;100 mV \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u1030\u1019\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1019\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1010\u1012\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1012\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101e\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/li>\n<li>\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f (&gt;100 \u1019\u102e\u101c\u102e\u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1036 \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1030 (&gt; \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1011\u1000\u103a 80\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1019\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1019\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/li>\n<li>\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\/\u1016\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li>&gt;200 mV \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1024\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u102e \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Damaged-contactor-contacts-showing-pitting-and-heat-discoloration---VIOX-contactor-troubleshooting-guide.webp\" alt=\"Damaged contactor contacts showing pitting and heat discoloration - VIOX contactor troubleshooting guide\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 5px;\">\u1015\u102f\u1036 \u1041- \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1014\u102e\u1038\u1000\u1015\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1015\u102f\u1036\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u101e\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104f \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103b \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c \u1041\u1040 \u1001\u102f<\/h2>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c \u1041- \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b (\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1002\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (A1\/A2) \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n<li>\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u101e\u1036 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1006\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n<li>\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<li>\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u201c\u1000\u101c\u1005\u103a\u201d \u1021\u101e\u1036\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Root Causes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A. \u1019\u101c\u102f\u1036\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1002\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b <strong>\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a<\/strong> (\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038-<\/strong> \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u104f 85-110% (\u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c\u104a 24V \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a 20.4-26.4V)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u104f 85% \u1011\u1000\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103c\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1001\u1036\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u104a \u101d\u102b\u101a\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1011\u1030 (24V \u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 18 AWG \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a) \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1002\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1013\u102d\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>B. \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1021\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1006\u102e\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u102c\u1019\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u101b\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101c\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u1021\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1005\u1021\u1014\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u101e\u1036\u1001\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1021\u102c\u1019\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101f\u102c\u1037\u1012\u103a\u101d\u1032\u101c\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038 (CRC 2-26 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u100a\u102e\u1019\u103b\u103e\u101e\u1031\u102c) \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a 60-80 PSI \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u101c\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C. \u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1015\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u102e\u1010\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\n<ul>\n<li>AC \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038- \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a 100-500\u03a9 (\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>DC \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038- \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a 50-200\u03a9<\/li>\n<li>\u1015\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a (OL \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u221e\u03a9) = \u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101a\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f (&lt;5\u03a9) = \u101d\u102b\u101a\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1036\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1016\u101b\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>D. \u101a\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1000\u1015\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1019\u102e \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b (\u101d\u102b\u101a\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1036\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038)\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1021\u1005\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1016\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong> \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b <strong>\u5e26\u8f7d<\/strong> (\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a)\u104b \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1032 \u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101f\u102f \u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u103d\u1032\u101a\u1030\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b (\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u1036\u1006\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1001\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f 5-10 \u1006) \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c \u1042- \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1010\u1012\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1012\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\/\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1000\u101c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1010\u1012\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1012\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101e\u1036 (\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c)<\/li>\n<li>\u1000\u103b\u101a\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c 50\/60 Hz \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u101e\u1036 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1019\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101e\u1036<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1011\u1015\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1011\u1015\u103a\u1001\u102b \u1015\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\/\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1005\u102c\u1038\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li>\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101d\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1019\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Root Causes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A. \u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u103d\u1032\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1011\u1000\u103a (\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u104f 85%) \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1011\u1000\u103a (\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u104f 60%) \u1021\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u104f 70-85% \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b (VA \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102f + \u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>\u101d\u102b\u101a\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b- \u1015\u1031 50 \u1021\u1011\u102d 24V \u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 18 AWG<\/li>\n<li>\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\/\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<li>\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u101c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b (&lt;0.5V \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>B. \u100a\u1005\u103a\u100a\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1021\u100a\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u101e\u1036\u1001\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1006\u102e\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a armature \u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1015\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101d\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u1031\u101f\u102c\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u1031\u1000\u102c \u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1006\u103d\u1032\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a-\n<ul>\n<li>\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u101b\u100a\u103a (CRC QD Electronic Cleaner)<\/li>\n<li>\u101e\u1036\u1001\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1030 (400-600 grit emery cloth)<\/li>\n<li>\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u1031\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101c\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a contactor \u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C. \u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1032\u1037\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a (AC Contactors \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102c)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> AC contactors \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a 60 Hz \u101e\u102f\u100a\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103c\u103e\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1036\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102e\u1021\u101b\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u103d\u1032\u1021\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1032\u1037\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1024\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u2014\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1032\u1037\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102e\u1000\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1032\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b (\u1021\u101b\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u104d\u1019\u101b\u1015\u102b)\u104b \u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1045 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>D. \u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> AC \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a DC \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1019\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1021\u101e\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038 (AC \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a DC) \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038- 24V AC \u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a 24V DC \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c 120V \u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a 110V \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a-<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/contactors-vs-relays-understanding-the-key-differences\/\">Contactor \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/a> \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1041\u1040-\u1042\u1040 \u1006\u1015\u102d\u102f\u104d \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Annotated-cutaway-diagram-of-contactor-internal-components-showing-coil-contacts-and-magnetic-circuit.webp\" alt=\"Annotated cutaway diagram of contactor internal components showing coil, contacts, and magnetic circuit - VIOX Electric\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 5px;\">\u1015\u102f\u1036 \u1042- \u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u104a armature \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u101b\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102b\u1021\u101d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 contactor \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102f\u1036\u104b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c \u1043- Contactor \u1019\u1015\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u1000\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u201cclick\u201d \u101f\u1030\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u101e\u1036 \u1019\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (E-stop) \u101e\u100a\u103a \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b terminal \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1031\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1014\u1039\u1010\u101b\u102c\u101a\u103a\u2014\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u104d\u1019\u101b\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Root Causes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A. \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1036 Arc \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c arc \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a (\u1002\u101f\u1031\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a- \u1004\u103d\u1031\u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102f\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a &gt;1,000\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101d \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b terminal \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (L1-T1, L2-T2, L3-T3) \u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 = \u1000\u1015\u103a\u1010\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103a \u1019\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>contactor \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u1031 (<a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/contactor-vs-motor-starter\/\">\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a AC-3<\/a>, \u104a \u1015\u101c\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\/\u1002\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1002\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a AC-4)<\/li>\n<li>short-circuit \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>inductive \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a RC snubbers \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b (\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a 0.1 \u00b5F + 100\u03a9)<\/li>\n<li>\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1001\u100f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a Ith \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c contactors \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>B. \u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1032\u1037\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u103e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1015\u101b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1016\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1015\u101b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102c\u101b\u103e\u100a\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1032\u1037\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u2014\u1005\u1015\u101b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u102d\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b (\u1005\u1015\u101b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u1019\u102e\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c contactors \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C. \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1001\u103b\u100a\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1000\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a (\u1021\u1015\u1030\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e)\u104a \u101c\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a armature \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u103e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b armature \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b (\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u101c\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1000-\n<ul>\n<li>\u1000\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b (\u1021\u1015\u1030\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>armature \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1021\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<li>\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u101a\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<li>\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1015\u102b\u1000 contactor \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c \u1044- \u1021\u1015\u1030\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1015\u1030\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (&gt;80\u00b0C\/176\u00b0F \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a (\u100a\u102d\u102f\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1021\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038)<\/li>\n<li>\u1019\u102e\u1038\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1014\u1036\u1037 (\u1016\u102e\u1014\u1031\u102c\u101c\u1005\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1005\u1030\u1038\u101b\u103e\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1014\u1036\u1037)<\/li>\n<li>\u1005\u1031\u102c\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1015\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li>\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Root Causes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>A. \u1005\u1009\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c Contactor<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1005\u1009\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1015\u1030\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (Ith) \u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1041\u1045 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c \u1000\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u102e\u1010\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a \u101d\u1014\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> NEC 430.83 \u1021\u101b \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1009\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f 125% \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>B. \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1032 \u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1018\u1032 \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a &gt;40\u00b0C<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> thermocouple \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a IR \u101e\u102c\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102e\u1010\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1021\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103a \u101c\u1031\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b (\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a 24\u00d736\u2033 \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038- 100-200 CFM)<\/li>\n<li>\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b- 40\u00b0C \u1021\u1011\u1000\u103a 10\u00b0C \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a contactor \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f 10% \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>contactors \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (VFDs\u104a \u1011\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a resistor \u1018\u100f\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038) \u1019\u103e \u101d\u1031\u1038\u101b\u102c\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101b\u103d\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C. Terminal \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> Terminal \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a I\u00b2R \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> Thermal imaging \u101e\u100a\u103a terminal \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a (\u1021\u1014\u102e\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d conductor \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a &gt;20\u00b0C \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a) \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a connection \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a voltage \u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f &gt;50 mV<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b terminal \u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u104f torque \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b (\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a M4 \u101d\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a 1.2-2.5 N\u22c5m)<\/li>\n<li>oxidized \u1000\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102e\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101d\u102b\u101a\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038 brush \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a ScotchBrite pad \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c terminal\/lug \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d ring terminal \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b (high-current applications \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a spade terminal \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>D. \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1036 Switching Frequency<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1012\u102e\u1007\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c duty cycle (\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038) \u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u104d \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong> \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u1031\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b (contactor \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a rating \u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1010\u100a\u103a\u104d 300-600\/hr \u1011\u1000\u103a \u1019\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a optimization \u1019\u103e\u1010\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a cycle frequency \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c electrical durability contactor (AC-4 rated) \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>high-frequency applications \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a solid-state contactors \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a soft starters \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b (&gt;600 ops\/hr)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Electrical-technician-testing-contactor-coil-voltage-with-multimeter-in-industrial-panel---VIOX-troubleshooting-guide.webp\" alt=\"Electrical technician testing contactor coil voltage with multimeter in industrial panel - VIOX troubleshooting guide\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 5px;\">\u1015\u102f\u1036 3: \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u100a\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1026\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a panel \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a multimeter \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a contactor coil voltage test \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c 5: \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u102e Contact \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&lt;100,000 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a contacts \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\/\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1036\u101b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038: AC-3 duty \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a 0.5-1 million \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f)<\/li>\n<li>contact pressure springs \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a spring \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li>contact \u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (&gt;100 mV voltage \u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038)<\/li>\n<li>\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1001\u100f \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>A. Rated Utilization Category \u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038:<\/strong> AC-4 application \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a AC-3 rated contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b. <strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> AC-4 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a AC-4a rated contactor \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B. Switching Locked Rotor Current:<\/strong> mechanical jam \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a motor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b. <strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> current monitoring relay \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C. Surge Suppression \u1019\u1015\u102b\u101e\u1031\u102c Inductive Load:<\/strong> collapsing magnetic fields \u1019\u103e high voltage spikes \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104b. <strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> coil \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a inductive loads \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a RC snubbers (0.1-0.47 \u00b5F + 100-220\u03a9) \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D. \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u1031\u1011\u102f:<\/strong> \u1013\u102c\u1010\u102f\u1021\u1004\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1004\u103d\u1031\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a contact material \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b. <strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> IP65 rated enclosure \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a hermetically sealed contacts \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c 6: Auxiliary Contact \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Main contactor \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 control circuits \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<li>Interlocks \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b (contactors \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1000\u103a \u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>PLC \u101e\u100a\u103a feedback signals \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>contactor de-energized \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a auxiliary contact continuity \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f energize \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b (contacts \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a 5-10 milliseconds \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 state \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>contact \u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b (\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b &lt;10 m\u03a9 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>auxiliary contact block \u101e\u100a\u103a modular design \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>auxiliary contacts \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a frame \u104f \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 contactor \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c 7: Coil \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>control signal \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b hum \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a vibration \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>coil terminal \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f (open circuit)<\/li>\n<li>Contactor \u101e\u100a\u103a control signals \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Root Causes:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>A. Overvoltage Application:<\/strong> Applied voltage \u101e\u100a\u103a rated coil voltage \u104f &gt;110% \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b. <strong>\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038:<\/strong> control voltage \u101e\u100a\u103a coil rating \u00b110% \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B. Ambient Overheating:<\/strong> Panel \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a &gt;70\u00b0C\u104b. <strong>\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038:<\/strong> \u101c\u102f\u1036\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c panel \u101c\u1031\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C. Moisture\/Contamination Ingress:<\/strong> \u101b\u1031\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b. <strong>\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038:<\/strong> IP54\/IP65 enclosures \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Diagnostic Procedure:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>circuit \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101d de-energize \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b (lockout\/tagout)<\/li>\n<li>coil wiring \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>coil \u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b (voltage rating \u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1010\u100a\u103a\u104d 50-500\u03a9 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>500V DC \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a megger \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u104d coil-to-frame insulation \u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b (&gt;10 M\u03a9 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>open circuit \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a low insulation \u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000 contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c 8: Erratic Operation<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1032 \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1036 \u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1036 \u1000\u103b\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Troubleshooting Approach:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>A. Intermittent Control Circuit Fault:<\/strong> control circuit \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101d\u102b\u101a\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038 insulation \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B. Thermal Expansion\/Contraction Effects:<\/strong> \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b. <strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b spring-loaded terminal blocks \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1002\u104b \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f (EMI):<\/strong> \u1021\u1014\u102e\u1038\u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d VFD \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b. <strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> RC snubber \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b shielded twisted-pair cable \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c \u1049: \u1015\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a (\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102f\/\u1000\u101c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u101e\u1036\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a) \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a L1-T1, L2-T2, L3-T3 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038-<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b (85-110% rated \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b)<\/li>\n<li>\u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1006\u103d\u1032\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101e\u101a\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030 \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1015\u101b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1005\u1015\u101b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1011\u1032\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u104d\u1019\u101b\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c \u1041\u1040: \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 Contactor \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1019\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1018\u1032 \u1015\u103c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<li>Thermal overload relay \u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1032 \u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u1000\u104b \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038:<\/strong> \u101c\u1031\u1038\u101c\u1036\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c inrush \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b. <strong>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a:<\/strong> \u101e\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u101a\u1030\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1001\u104b \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u101b\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038:<\/strong> \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1002\u104b Overload Relay \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038:<\/strong> Overload relay \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b setpoint \u104f &lt;90% \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Contactor-troubleshooting-flowchart-decision-tree-for-systematic-diagnosis---VIOX-Electric-technical-guide.webp\" alt=\"Contactor troubleshooting flowchart decision tree for systematic diagnosis - VIOX Electric technical guide\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 5px;\">\u1015\u102f\u1036 \u1044: \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u100a\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1030\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1012\u102e\u1007\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103b contactor \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 flowchart \/ \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u104b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u1015\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1005\u102f\u1036\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1007\u101a\u102c\u1038<\/h2>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"1\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2;\">\n<th>\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c<\/th>\n<th>\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/th>\n<th>\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/th>\n<th>\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/th>\n<th>\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038<\/th>\n<th>\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1019\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1000\u101c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u101c\u102c\u104a \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104a \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a A1\/A2 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>85-110% rated \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038 \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a transformer \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1000\u101c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u101e\u1036<\/td>\n<td>\u100a\u1005\u103a\u100a\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u101b\u102f\u1036\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1005\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u101c\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a &lt;40\u00b0C \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1019\u1016\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1002\u101f\u1031\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a L1-T1 \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u104a surge suppression<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1021\u1015\u1030\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/td>\n<td>&gt;80\u00b0C \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u104a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u101b\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101a\u1030\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/td>\n<td>Thermal imaging \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b contactor \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a thermography\u104a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c torque \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 &lt;100k ops \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f AC-3\/AC-4 \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101a\u103e\u1009\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Aux \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>Interlocks \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104a PLC \u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<td>NO\/NC \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>aux \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a block \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>inductive aux \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a RC snubbers \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1010\u102f\u1036\u1037\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u104a \u1015\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006<\/td>\n<td>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102c\u1015\u102b (50-500\u03a9)<\/td>\n<td>\u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c IP \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u104a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1005\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1021\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101c\u1032\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101d\u102b\u101a\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1005\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>terminal \u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>Spring-loaded terminals\u104a EMI shielding<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Contacts Stuck Open<\/td>\n<td>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 contact closure \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1015\u101b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1021\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<td>Manual armature \u101c\u103e\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u100a\u1005\u103a\u1005\u102f\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1019\u1019\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<td>\u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<td>\u101e\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1005\u103a<\/td>\n<td>Dedicated control circuits\u104a proper OL sizing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1005\u102c\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u101c\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u1021\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1032\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u101b\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li>\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1006\u1030\u100a\u1036\u101e\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b (buzzing, chattering)<\/li>\n<li>\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1019\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101f\u102c\u1037\u1012\u103a\u101d\u1032 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1014\u102e\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a &lt;60\u00b0C \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>De-energize \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 contact cleaner \u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a pole \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f pitting \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a erosion \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b (pits &gt;1mm \u1021\u1014\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b)<\/li>\n<li>contact alignment \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f nameplate \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u104f \u00b110% \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a terminal \u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a torque \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1000\u102c\u1021\u101b\u1036\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u101c\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Full contactor \u1016\u103c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 (\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1012\u102e\u1007\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u101e\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>terminal \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u104f Thermographic \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/li>\n<li>Insulation resistance testing coil-to-frame (&gt;10 M\u03a9 \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<li>\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1014\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b (\u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<li>\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u1030 \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1015\u103a\u1012\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Application \u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102c\u101c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Light duty (&lt;100 ops\/day): 7-10 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a<\/li>\n<li>Medium duty (100-300 ops\/day): 4-6 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a<\/li>\n<li>Heavy duty (&gt;300 ops\/day): 2-3 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a<\/li>\n<li>\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b- welded contacts, cracked housing, coil failure, or &gt;50% contact material loss<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure style=\"text-align: center; margin: 20px 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto;\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Comparison-diagram-showing-clean-versus-contaminated-contactor-pole-faces-affecting-magnetic-circuit---VIOX-troubleshooting-guide.webp\" alt=\"Comparison diagram showing clean versus contaminated contactor pole faces affecting magnetic circuit - VIOX troubleshooting guide\" \/><figcaption style=\"font-style: italic; color: #555; margin-top: 5px;\">\u1015\u102f\u1036 5- \u100a\u1005\u103a\u100a\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c pole \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101c\u1031\u1000\u103d\u102c\u101f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u100a\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u104a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101a\u103e\u1009\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1015\u103a \u1014\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101a\u103e\u1009\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101e\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1001\u100f\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u1019\u1031\u1038- \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u104f \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103b\u101a\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1019\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1010\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1018\u101a\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u1016\u103c\u1031- \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u1011\u1019\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c inrush current \u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 armature \u1021\u1015\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101d \u1019\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a buzzing \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1041-\u1042 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u100a\u1005\u103a\u100a\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c pole \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101c\u102f\u1036\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u201cthunk\u201d \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101e\u1036\u1010\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102e\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1038 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1005\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c buzzing \u101e\u100a\u103a \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1019\u1031\u1038- \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038 pitted contacts \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101c\u102c\u1038\u104b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u1016\u103c\u1031- \u101e\u1031\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a oxidation \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a light pitting (1mm), contact material loss &gt;30%, \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a welding \u104f \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u1021\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b contacts \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1014\u103a\u1011\u1014\u103a \u1019\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u2014\u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a arc resistance \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c silver-cadmium oxide \u1021\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c application \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c contacts \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u102e \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1005\u101b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1019\u1031\u1038- \u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102c\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u103e\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1001\u100f \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A- <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/what-is-a-pv-combiner-box-and-why-your-solar-system-cant-function-without-one\/\">\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/a> \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1037\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1042-\u1044 \u1000\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a (\u1014\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\/\u1014\u1031\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a) \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u1036\u1016\u1014\u103a\u101b\u1036\u1001\u102b \u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1024 duty cycle \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1041\u1040-\u1041\u1045 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a welded contacts, thermal damage, coil failure, \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a 500,000 cycles \u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1001\u101b\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u100a\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u101b\u102c\u101a\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u2014\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1019\u1031\u1038- welded contacts \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1018\u102c\u1000\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u100a\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u1016\u103c\u1031- Welded contacts \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1036 arc \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a- (\u1041) \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c short-circuit current \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a (\u1042) suppression \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1032 \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1036 inductive \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a (\u1043) \u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c jogging\/plugging \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a (\u1044) AC-4 application \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a AC-3 \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038- \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101d\u1014\u103a current \u104f 125% \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1015\u102b\u1005\u1031\u104a inductive circuits \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a RC snubbers \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/2-wire-vs-3-wire-control-motor-safety-guide\/\">\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f application<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1019\u1031\u1038- \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c chattering \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1014\u1039\u1010\u101b\u102c\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101c\u102c\u1038\u104a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1036\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1038\u104b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u1016\u103c\u1031- Chattering \u101e\u100a\u103a <strong>\u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1014\u1039\u1010\u101b\u102c\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/strong> \u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c contact \u1016\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\/\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u1015\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1011\u1015\u103a\u1001\u102b arcing \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a- (\u1041) contact erosion \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1041\u1040-\u1042\u1040 \u1006 \u1021\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104a (\u1042) \u1015\u101c\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1030\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104a (\u1043) \u1005\u1009\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a arcing \u1019\u103e \u1019\u102e\u1038\u1018\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1014\u1039\u1010\u101b\u102c\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104a (\u1044) \u1011\u102d\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103e\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a \u1021\u102e\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1011\u101b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1005\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104a \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a (\u1045) \u101b\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1010\u101b\u1000\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1026\u1038\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1016\u102d\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b chattering \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1018\u101a\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1019\u103e \u101c\u103b\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1030\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1015\u102b\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u2014\u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1019\u1031\u1038- \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u1038\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1005\u1031\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101c\u102c\u1038\u104b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A: \u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u1032\u1037\u104b \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1011\u1000\u103a &lt;85% \u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a- (\u1041) \u1021\u102c\u1019\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u104f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101c\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1019\u1015\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1005\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a (\u1042) \u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1001\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a (\u1043) \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1013\u102c\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1006\u103d\u1032\u101a\u1030\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a (\u1044) \u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u102d\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u104f 85-110% \u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1014\u102c\u1010\u102c\u101b\u103e\u100a\u103a \u1017\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u104f \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f 50% \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u104d \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q: \u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1018\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u101c\u1032\u104a \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u101c\u1032\u104b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A- <strong>\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1021\u1001\u102b\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b-<\/strong> \u1011\u102d\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u1015\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1021\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1032\/\u1021\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1001\u1036\u1019\u103e\u102f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1011\u102d\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f &gt;30%\u104a \u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1032\u1037\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u102d\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1000\u103d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038 &gt;\u1041\u1040 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u104b. <strong>\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (\u101e\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038) \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b-<\/strong> \u1011\u102d\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102c \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1013\u102c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 (&lt;0.5mm \u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038)\u104a \u100a\u1005\u103a\u100a\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1002\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b) \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u100a\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1011\u102d\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104b \u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u1019\u102e \u1021\u1000\u102c\u1021\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101d\u1014\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101e\u1010\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a\u2014\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u104d \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u101b \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/safety-contactor-vs-standard-contactor-force-guided-contacts-guide\/\">\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a<\/a>, \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/p>\n<h2>\u1014\u102d\u1002\u102f\u1036\u1038<\/h2>\n<p>\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103b \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1005\u101b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u1015\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1016\u103d\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1000\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u102c\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1005\u1031\u102c\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101e\u1010\u102d\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103b \u1005\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<p>\u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1026\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b- \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u102e \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102b\u101d\u102b\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c PPE \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\/\u1010\u1002\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101b\u103e\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1031\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u104a <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/contactor-vs-motor-starter\/\">\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1011\u1030\u1038\u1000\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1006\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u103d\u1031\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1005\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/a> \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<p>VIOX Electric \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1014\u1031\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u100a\u103a \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u102b\u1021\u101d\u1004\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u101b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1012\u102e\u1007\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104f \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u100a\u102c\u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1002\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102e\u101a\u102c\u1021\u1000\u1030\u1021\u100a\u102e\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 1896.16px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 1896.16px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 4360.37px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 4360.37px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 11543.2px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"simg-pop-btn\" style=\"top: 11543.2px; left: 14px; display: none;\"><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction Picture this: A 50 kW solar inverter suddenly goes offline during peak production hours. The facility manager hears a loud buzzing noise from the combiner box, followed by the acrid smell of burning plastic. Upon inspection, the contactor contacts have welded shut, requiring emergency replacement and costing thousands in lost revenue. This scenario plays [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21207,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21206"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21208,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21206\/revisions\/21208"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}