{"id":20880,"date":"2025-12-16T20:27:07","date_gmt":"2025-12-16T12:27:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=20880"},"modified":"2025-12-16T20:27:57","modified_gmt":"2025-12-16T12:27:57","slug":"how-to-calculate-timer-relay-time-range","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/how-to-calculate-timer-relay-time-range\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Calculate the Correct Time Range for Your Timer Relay"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

To calculate the correct time range for your timer relay, follow these four essential steps: identify your actual process timing requirements, select the appropriate timing mode (on-delay, off-delay, interval, or cyclic), apply safety factors to account for tolerance and environmental conditions, and match your calculated requirements to available commercial time ranges. This systematic approach helps your timer relay deliver reliable performance while avoiding common mistakes like insufficient margins or wrong mode selection that can lead to equipment damage or safety hazards.<\/p>\n

Timer relays are critical control components in industrial automation, motor control, HVAC systems, and countless other applications where precise timing determines system reliability and safety. Selecting the wrong time range\u2014whether too narrow or too broad\u2014can cause operational failures, equipment damage, or compromised safety. This guide provides practical calculation methods, detailed examples, and quick-reference tables to help engineers and technicians confidently specify timer relay time ranges for any application.<\/p>\n

\"VIOX
Figure 1: VIOX \u101b\u1004\u1039\u1018\u1010\u1039\u1005\u101c\u103d\u103e\u1004\u103a<\/a> mounted on a DIN \u101b\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038<\/a>, featuring a clear timing adjustment dial and LED status indicators.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Understanding Timer Relay Time Ranges<\/h2>\n

A timer relay\u2019s time range<\/strong> refers to the adjustable span of timing values the device can provide, such as 0.1-1 second, 1-10 seconds, or 1-10 minutes. This differs from timing accuracy<\/strong>, which describes how precisely the relay achieves the set time value.<\/p>\n

Time Range vs. Timing Accuracy<\/h3>\n

Understanding this distinction is crucial for proper specification:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u101c\u1000\u1039\u1001\u100f\u102c<\/th>\n\u1021\u1013\u102d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u102b\u101a\u103a<\/th>\n\u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c<\/th>\nImpact on Selection<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\nThe span of adjustable timing values available<\/td>\n6-60 seconds, 1-10 minutes<\/td>\nMust encompass your process requirements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Timing Accuracy<\/strong><\/td>\nHow close actual timing is to set value<\/td>\n\u00b15%, \u00b10.5% + 150ms<\/td>\nCritical for synchronized operations<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Repeatability<\/strong><\/td>\nConsistency of timing over multiple cycles<\/td>\n\u00b10.5%, \u00b11%<\/td>\nImportant for predictable processes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

According to IEC 61812-1 (the principal international standard for industrial timer relays), timing accuracy is typically expressed as a percentage of the set value or full-scale range. For example, a timer with \u00b15% accuracy set to 10 seconds operates between 9.5 and 10.5 seconds.<\/p>\n

Common Commercial Time Ranges<\/h3>\n

Industrial timer relays are manufactured with standardized time ranges to cover diverse applications:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038<\/th>\nTypical Increment<\/th>\n\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c Applications \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/th>\n\u101c\u103d\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
0.1-1 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/strong><\/td>\n0.01s<\/td>\nHigh-speed processes, quick pulses, packaging<\/td>\nElectronic multi-function<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1-10 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1040.\u1041 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\nMachine sequencing, motor soft start<\/td>\nStandard electronic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6-60 seconds<\/strong><\/td>\n1s<\/td>\nHVAC start delays, motor protection<\/td>\nElectromechanical\/Electronic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1-10 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/strong><\/td>\n6s or 0.1min<\/td>\nLighting delays, ventilation, cooling fans<\/td>\nMulti-range electronic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1-10 \u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e<\/strong><\/td>\n6min or 0.1hr<\/td>\nLong-duration processes, maintenance scheduling<\/td>\nSpecialized timers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10-300 hours<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c<\/td>\nExtended cycle operations, calendar functions<\/td>\nProgrammable timers<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Key Point<\/strong>: Your calculated time requirement must fall within a single available range. If your process needs 45 seconds of delay, you cannot use a 1-10 second range relay\u2014you need a 6-60 second or 1-10 minute range.<\/p>\n

Step-by-Step Time Range Calculation Method<\/h2>\n

Step 1: Identify Your Process Timing Requirements<\/h3>\n

Start by determining the actual timing your application needs. This requires analyzing your process or equipment specifications.<\/p>\n

Questions to answer:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • What is the minimum time delay required for safe\/proper operation?<\/li>\n
  • What is the maximum acceptable delay before it impacts the process?<\/li>\n
  • Are there multiple timing requirements (start, run, stop)?<\/li>\n
  • Does the timing repeat cyclically or occur once per trigger?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Example 1 \u2013 Motor Cooling Fan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    A 15 kW motor manufacturer specifies the cooling fan must run for \u201cat least 3 minutes\u201d after motor shutdown to prevent bearing damage.<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Base requirement<\/strong>: 3 minutes (180 seconds)<\/li>\n
    • \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038<\/strong>: Off-delay (fan continues after motor stops)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Example 2 \u2013 Sequential Conveyor Start:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Conveyor belt A must start, then conveyor belt B starts \u201c5-8 seconds later\u201d to prevent product jamming.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Base requirement<\/strong>: 5-8 seconds delay<\/li>\n
      • \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038<\/strong>: On-delay (\u1001\u102b\u1038\u1015\u1010\u103a B \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1042: \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/h3>\n

        \u1019\u1010\u1030\u100a\u102e\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1010\u1030\u100a\u102e\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u102c\u101a\u103a\u1019\u1032\u1037\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

        \"Technical
        \u1015\u102f\u1036 \u1042: On-Delay, Off-Delay \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a Interval \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1014\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101a\u103e\u1009\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u100a\u102c\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1007\u101a\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1007\u101a\u102c\u1038<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u101e\u1004\u103a\u104f\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000\u2026<\/th>\n\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/th>\n\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a<\/strong> \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a<\/td>\n-\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038<\/strong> (Delay-on-Make)<\/td>\n\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f ON \u1019\u103e \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f ON \u1021\u1011\u102d \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a<\/strong> \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1021\u1011\u102d<\/td>\n\u1001\u103b\u103d\u1010\u103a-\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038<\/strong> (Delay-on-Break)<\/td>\n\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f OFF \u1019\u103e \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f OFF \u1021\u1011\u102d \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1021\u1011\u102d \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/strong> \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a<\/td>\nInterval Timer<\/strong> (One-Shot)<\/td>\n\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f ON pulse \u104f \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a<\/strong> ON \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a OFF \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038<\/td>\nCyclic Timer<\/strong><\/td>\nON \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a OFF \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1005\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038 (\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u1042 \u1001\u102f \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Star-Delta \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong> \u1021\u1005\u102e\u1021\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\nStar-Delta Timer<\/strong><\/td>\nStar \u1019\u103e delta \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038<\/strong>: on-delay \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a off-delay \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1011\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b \u1021\u1021\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u201c\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1045 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a\u201d \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a on-delay \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1018\u1032 off-delay \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

        \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1043: \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b<\/h3>\n

        \u101e\u1004\u103a\u104f \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1010\u102d\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u101e\u1031\u102c timer relay \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u104b \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

        \"Illustrated
        \u1015\u102f\u1036 \u1043: \u101e\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u100a\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u101e\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u104f \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1016\u103c\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1030\u101c\u102c<\/h4>\n

        \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c timer \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1011\u103d\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1031\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1030\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102c-<\/p>\n

        \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038 = \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a \u00d7 (1 + \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a)<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a-<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u101e\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/strong> (relay \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f)<\/li>\n
        • \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong> (\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038)<\/li>\n
        • \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1007\u101b\u102c<\/strong> (\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1038\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038)<\/li>\n
        • \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038<\/strong> (\u1000\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1014\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038<\/th>\n\u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a<\/th>\n\u1005\u102f\u1005\u102f\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a<\/th>\n\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n1.3-1.5<\/td>\n+30-50%<\/td>\n\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1021\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1005\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n1.2-1.3<\/td>\n+20-30%<\/td>\n\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a \u1000\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u101b\u102e\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1019\u101c\u102f\u1036\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n1.15-1.25<\/td>\n+15-25%<\/td>\n\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1019\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\/\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102e\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          HVAC\/\u1021\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1026\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n1.1-1.2<\/td>\n+10-20%<\/td>\n\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1011\u102d\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u1030 \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n1.05-1.1<\/td>\n+5-10%<\/td>\nrelay \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          \u1021\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1016\u103c\u102c\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h4>\n

          \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a-<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u1021\u102e\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1011\u101b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1005\u103a timer \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f- \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u00b10.5% \u1019\u103e \u00b15% (IEC 61812-1 \u1021\u101b)<\/li>\n
          • \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b = \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a \u00d7 (\u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f % \u00d7 2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038-<\/strong><\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038- \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1012\u102e\u1002\u101b\u102e\u1005\u1004\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1002\u101b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u00b10.01-0.03%<\/li>\n
            • \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1045-\u1041\u1040 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f: +1-2%<\/li>\n
            • \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038: 10-20%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u1014\u1019\u1030\u1014\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f:<\/strong> \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1021\u1021\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102c (\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036 \u1043 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a)<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a: \u1041\u1048\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/li>\n
              2. \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038: 180s \u00d7 1.25 = 225 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/li>\n
              3. \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038<\/strong>, \u1044 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1044: \u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c Timer Relay \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/h3>\n

                \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1000\u104a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u104f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a timer relay \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/p>\n

                \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102f\u1036<\/h4>\n

                \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u1036\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103b\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                \u2713 \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b (\u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c\u104a 219s \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u2192 \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038)<\/p>\n

                \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103b\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1005\u101b\u102c \u1041: \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1011\u1015\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong> \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a<\/li>\n
                • \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1005\u101b\u102c \u1042: \u1021\u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong> \u1021\u1000\u101a\u103a\u104d \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u104f \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u1030 \u1011\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000<\/li>\n
                • \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a: \u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1005\u101b\u102d\u1010\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1021\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u1036\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \u1021\u1011\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 timer \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b (\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e \u1043\u1040\u1040 \u1021\u1011\u102d)<\/li>\n
                  • \u101b\u103e\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u103d\u1031\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1015\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1002\u101b\u1019\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u103d\u1032\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101a\u102f\u1010\u1039\u1010\u102d\u1017\u1031\u1012 \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 (PLCs) \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1000\u1032\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n
                  • \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a timer \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                    \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038<\/th>\n\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a<\/th>\n\u1021\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                    \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1019\u103e<\/td>\n\u1005\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \u1001\u101c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1005\u1000\u1031\u1038\u104f ~2-5%<\/td>\n\u1021\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                    \u1012\u1005\u103a\u1002\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a \u1019\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u102c\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a<\/strong><\/td>\n0.1-1%<\/td>\n\u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                    \u101d\u1031\u1016\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/strong>: \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1001\u101c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1041\u1040 \u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u101e\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1041\u104a \u1042\u104a \u1043\u2026 \u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102c \u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

                    \u1019\u103b\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1015\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 MCB \u104f \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1001\u103b\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1015\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/h2>\n

                    \u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c \u1041: \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1021\u1021\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102c \u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h3>\n

                    \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c<\/strong>: \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1019\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1021\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1015\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u1031\u1005\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1000\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

                    \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038: \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1041\u1048\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1021\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/li>\n
                    • \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a: \u1016\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1011\u1030\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1036\u104a -\u1041\u1040\u00b0C \u1019\u103e +\u1044\u1045\u00b0C<\/li>\n
                    • \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1019\u103e\u102f: \u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a (\u101d\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1036\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/strong>: \u1041\u1048\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a (\u1043 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a)<\/li>\n
                      2. \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong>: Off-delay (fan continues after motor stops)<\/li>\n
                      3. \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b<\/strong>:\n
                          \n
                        • \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a: 1.25 (\u1007\u101a\u102c\u1038\u1021\u101b)<\/li>\n
                        • 180s \u00d7 1.25 = 225 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a (\u1043.\u1047\u1045 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                        • \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong>:\n
                            \n
                          • \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038: 225s \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 (60-600s) \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103b\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n
                          • \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b: \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 timer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                          • \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a<\/strong>: \u101e\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102c\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1044 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a (\u1042\u1044\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                            \u1021\u1004\u1039\u1010\u102c\u1014\u1000\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1000\u1039\u108f\u103d\u102c<\/strong>: VIOX \u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038 timer relay\u104a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u104a \u2264\u00b11% \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104a AC\/DC universal power supply<\/p>\n

                            \u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c \u1042: \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/h3>\n

                            \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c<\/strong>: \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1019\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1013\u102c\u1010\u102f\u1017\u1031\u1012 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1005\u1000\u103a\u101b\u102f\u1036\u104b.<\/p>\n

                            \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • \u1015\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1041: \u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n
                            • \u1015\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1042: \u1015\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1041 \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1048 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n
                            • \u1015\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1043: \u1015\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1042 \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1048 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n
                            • \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a: \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              1. \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/strong>: \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1048 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/li>\n
                              2. \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong>: \u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a (\u1015\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1005\u102e\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n
                              3. \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b<\/strong>:\n
                                  \n
                                • \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a: 1.2<\/li>\n
                                • 8s \u00d7 1.2 = 9.6 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                • \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong>:\n
                                    \n
                                  • \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038: 9.6s \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/li>\n
                                  • \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b: \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 timer (\u1042 \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                  • \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a<\/strong>: \u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1005\u102e\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1041\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                    \u1021\u1004\u1039\u1010\u102c\u1014\u1000\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1000\u1039\u108f\u103d\u102c<\/strong>: VIOX \u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e relay \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u104a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u104a \u1012\u1005\u103a\u1002\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104a \u2264\u00b10.5% \u1011\u1015\u103a\u1010\u101c\u1032\u101c\u1032\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038<\/p>\n

                                    \u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c \u1043: \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a \u101b\u1031\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/h3>\n

                                    \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c<\/strong>: \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u1031\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1007\u102f\u1014\u103a \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u104b.<\/p>\n

                                    \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • \u1007\u102f\u1014\u103a ON \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a: \u1041\u1042 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a (\u101b\u1031\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f)<\/li>\n
                                    • \u1007\u102f\u1014\u103a OFF \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a: \u1044\u1048 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a (\u1019\u103c\u1031\u1006\u102e\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c \u1005\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1019\u103e\u102f)<\/li>\n
                                    • \u101b\u1031\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102c\u101c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      1. \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong>: \u1041\u1042 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a ON\u104a \u1044\u1048 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a OFF<\/li>\n
                                      2. \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong>: \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e (\u1019\u100a\u102e\u1019\u103b\u103e\u101e\u1031\u102c ON\/OFF)<\/li>\n
                                      3. \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1001\u103c\u102f\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102b<\/strong>:\n
                                          \n
                                        • \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f: 1.1 \u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a<\/li>\n
                                        • ON: \u1041\u1042 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u00d7 1.1 = \u1041\u1043.\u1042 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/li>\n
                                        • OFF: \u1044\u1048 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u00d7 1.1 = \u1045\u1042.\u1048 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                        • \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/strong>:\n
                                            \n
                                          • \u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1036\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u101c\u102c\u1038\u104b \u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b (\u1045\u1042.\u1048 > \u1046\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a)<\/li>\n
                                          • \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a: OFF \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038<\/li>\n
                                          • \u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1005\u101b\u102c: \u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u1000 \u1041\u1040-\u1041\u1040\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
                                          • \u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong>: ON = \u1041\u1045 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a\u104a OFF = \u1041 \u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e (\u1005\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1037\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                            \u1021\u1004\u1039\u1010\u102c\u1014\u1000\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1000\u1039\u108f\u103d\u102c<\/strong>: \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1011\u1015\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u1031\u102c VIOX \u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e relay \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u101e\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038 ON\/OFF \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102f\u1036\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e<\/p>\n

                                            \"Flowchart
                                            \u1015\u102f\u1036 \u1044: \u1021\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1007\u101a\u102c\u1038: \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u104d \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e relay \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u104b.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

                                            \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038 \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h2>\n

                                            \u1024\u1021\u1014\u1039\u1010\u101b\u102c\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e relay \u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                            \u1021\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038<\/th>\nConsequence<\/th>\n\u1016\u103c\u1031\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                                            \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1018\u1032 \u1021\u1010\u102d\u1021\u1000\u103b \u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\nrelay \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a (-5%) \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n\u1021\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 10% \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1019\u102f\u1012\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong> (off-delay \u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038 on-delay)<\/td>\n\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u100a\u103a\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1006\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1018\u1000\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\noutput \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1018\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\/\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u1032\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1010\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1002\u101b\u102f\u1010\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1001\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1016\u103c\u102c\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102f resolution \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1030\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103a \u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n\u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a resolution \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1012\u1031\u1010\u102c\u1005\u102c\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b (\u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c\u104a \u1041\u1040-\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u1001\u101c\u102f\u1010\u103a = \u1041\u1040% \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1030\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u102d\u101e\u102d\u101e\u102c\u101e\u102c \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a 2-3% \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1021\u1015\u1030\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u104f \u1021\u1014\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u100a\u1036\u1037\u1016\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c resolution \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/td>\n\u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u1030 \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1006\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u101e\u1031\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u1031\u1037\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1043-\u1045 \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e \u101c\u103d\u1032\u1001\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n\u101b\u1031\u101b\u103e\u100a\u103a \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a 2% \u1021\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            inrush\/startup transients \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1019\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1000\u101a\u103a \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u102e relay \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a transient settling time \u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                            \u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u102f\u1012\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104f \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1000\u1019\u1039\u1018\u102c \u1025\u1015\u1019\u102c:<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                            \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1002\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102e\u101a\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1026\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u201c\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1045 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u201d \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u1031\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a on-delay \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u101c\u1012\u103a: \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1045 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a (on-delay)\u104a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102c off-delay \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1010\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1045 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

                                            \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a<\/h2>\n

                                            \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                                            \u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038<\/th>\n\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038<\/th>\n\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1036\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038<\/th>\n\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1019\u102f\u1012\u103a<\/th>\n\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1005\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                                            \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1016\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u100a\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1045-\u1043\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\n\u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1046-\u1046\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\nOn-delay<\/td>\n\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c inertia \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103c\u102c\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c \u1021\u1021\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\/\u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1042-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/td>\n1-10 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/td>\nOff-delay<\/td>\nthermal time constant \u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            Star-Delta \u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1043-\u1041\u1045 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\n1-10 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\nStar-delta (\u1021\u1011\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f)<\/td>\n\u1019\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102c\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u104f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u101b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            HVAC \u1021\u1005\u102e\u1021\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103b \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1041\u1040-\u1046\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\n6-60 seconds<\/td>\nOn-delay<\/td>\n\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1001\u103b\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1005\u102e\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1019\u102e\u1038\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1043\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a \u2013 \u1045 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/td>\n1-10 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/td>\nOff-delay<\/td>\n\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u1009\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1005\u103d\u1032\u101e\u1030\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1021\u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101c\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1040.\u1045-\u1045 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\n\u1040.\u1041-\u1041 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\n\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102c\u101c \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1016\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n\u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1005\u1036\u1014\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u101b\u1019\u100a\u103a (IEC 61508)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1043-\u1042\u1040 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\n1-10 \u1005\u1000\u1039\u1000\u1014\u1037\u103a<\/td>\nOn-delay<\/td>\n\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u101c\u103d\u103e\u1032\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1010\u100a\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u1005\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1005\u1000\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1041-\u1042\u1044 \u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e<\/td>\n\u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1015\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1002\u101b\u1019\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a<\/td>\n\u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102f\u1036<\/td>\n\u100a\u102e\u1019\u103b\u103e\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f \u1016\u103c\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1030\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a \u1005\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1045-\u1046\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a<\/td>\n\u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e<\/td>\n\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102c\u101c<\/td>\n\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1010\u100a\u103a; \u1012\u1005\u103a\u1002\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1015\u102b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                                            \u101b\u1031\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1007\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1045-\u1043\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a ON, \u1041\u1045-\u1041\u1042\u1040 \u1019\u102d\u1014\u1005\u103a OFF<\/td>\n\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1011\u1015\u103a \u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1041-\u1041\u1040 \u1014\u102c\u101b\u102e<\/td>\n\u1005\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102f\u1036<\/td>\n\u1019\u103c\u1031\u1006\u102e\u101c\u103d\u103e\u102c\u1021\u1019\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1015\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                                            \u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u100a\u103d\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h3>\n

                                            \u1005\u1036\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            1. \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b \u2192 \u1042\u1040% \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b \u2192 \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1036\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n
                                            2. \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u2264\u00b1\u1045% (\u1021\u1011\u103d\u1031\u1011\u103d\u1031) \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u2264\u00b1\u1041% (\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038) \u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                                              \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038 \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c-<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              • \u1043\u1040-\u1045\u1040% \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n
                                              • \u2264\u00b1\u1041% \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n
                                              • ISO 13849 \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a IEC 61508 \u1021\u101b \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                \u1019\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1001\u100f\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038<\/h2>\n

                                                How much safety margin should I add to my timer relay calculation?<\/h3>\n

                                                For critical safety functions, add 30-50%. Motor protection needs 20-30%. Sequential control and HVAC require 15-25%. Even non-critical applications should have at least 10% margin.<\/p>\n

                                                What if my time requirement falls between two available timer ranges?<\/h3>\n

                                                Select the next higher range. If you calculate 35 seconds (with margins), choose the 6-60 second range rather than the 1-10 second range for maximum adjustment flexibility.<\/p>\n

                                                Can I use a wider range timer relay for better flexibility?<\/h3>\n

                                                Yes, but wider ranges may have lower resolution. A 1-10 minute timer might offer 0.1-minute precision, while a multi-range model might only provide 6-second precision. For precision applications, select the narrowest range that encompasses your requirement.<\/p>\n

                                                How accurate do timer relay calculations need to be?<\/h3>\n

                                                Match rigor to criticality. Safety applications demand documented calculations per IEC 61508. Motor protection requires thermal analysis. General applications need basic calculations with 20% safety margin.<\/p>\n

                                                What factors affect actual timing in real installations?<\/h3>\n

                                                Temperature (\u00b10.01-0.03%\/\u00b0C), supply voltage variations (\u00b11-2%), component aging (+1-2% over 5-10 years), and EMI in noisy environments all affect timing. Safety margins absorb these variations.<\/p>\n

                                                How do I calculate time range for cyclic timers?<\/h3>\n

                                                Calculate both ON and OFF times separately, apply 10-20% safety factors to each. Specify an asymmetric cyclic timer or use separate ON-delay and OFF-delay timers in series.<\/p>\n

                                                Should I account for contact switching time?<\/h3>\n

                                                Usually no. Contact switching (5-20ms) is negligible for second-to-hour ranges. For high-speed applications (0.1-1 second range), check datasheets or use solid-state outputs (<1ms switching).<\/p>\n

                                                \u1014\u102d\u1002\u102f\u1036\u1038<\/h2>\n

                                                \u101e\u1004\u103a\u104f timer relay \u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1000\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u1031\u1001\u103b\u102c\u1005\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1005\u101b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u102c\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103b \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1004\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u101c\u102f\u1036\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u100a\u102e\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101f\u1030\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u1031\u1038\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101a\u102f\u1036\u1000\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1019\u1030\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1036\u1037\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

                                                \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1007\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1018\u1032 \u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u104a \u1015\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1032\u1015\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u103c\u100b\u1039\u100c\u102c\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1010\u102d\u101b\u1015\u102b\u104b \u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c timer relay \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101c\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u100a\u103e\u102d\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1021\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1021\u1014\u1031\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

                                                \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u104a \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u104f \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1032\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104a IEC 61812-1 \u1021\u101b \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1006\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1000\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1004\u103a\u104f\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b VIOX timer relay \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1010\u1030\u100a\u102e\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104a \u1005\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1006\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1000\u103d\u102c\u1021\u101d\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1010\u102d\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u101c\u103d\u101a\u103a \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1005\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1005\u102f\u1036\u1021\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b.<\/p>\n

                                                \u101e\u1036\u101e\u101a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1018\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1019\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101a\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u102c\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1011\u1036\u1019\u103e \u1021\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1021\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102b\u104b \u101e\u1031\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1005\u101b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c timer relay \u101e\u1010\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1014\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u104a \u1005\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1005\u1039\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1018\u1031\u1038\u1000\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1000\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1005\u101b\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101a\u103e\u1009\u103a\u101c\u103b\u103e\u1004\u103a \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u1015\u102b\u1015\u102b\u104b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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                                                <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                To calculate the correct time range for your timer relay, follow these four essential steps: identify your actual process timing requirements, select the appropriate timing mode (on-delay, off-delay, interval, or cyclic), apply safety factors to account for tolerance and environmental conditions, and match your calculated requirements to available commercial time ranges. This systematic approach helps […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20881,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20880"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20880\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20882,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20880\/revisions\/20882"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20881"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20880"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/my\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}