{"id":20516,"date":"2025-12-03T10:38:48","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T02:38:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/viox.com\/?p=20516"},"modified":"2025-12-03T10:38:50","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T02:38:50","slug":"mov-vs-gdt-vs-tvs-comparison","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/mov-vs-gdt-vs-tvs-comparison\/","title":{"rendered":"MOV vs GDT vs TVS Surge Protection: Technology Comparison"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"product-intro\">\n<h2>\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798<\/h2>\n<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u17a2\u1782\u17d2\u1782\u17b7\u179f\u1793\u17b8 \u179c\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u179c\u1780\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1788\u1798\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1787\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17c4\u1798\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u17bc\u179b\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u1793\u1794\u17b8\u17d6 Metal Oxide Varistor (<a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/mov-surge-protector-invisible-resistor-problem\/\">\u1798\u17c9\u17bc<\/a>), Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) diode\u17d4 \u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1796\u17b7\u179f\u17c1\u179f\u1793\u17c3\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u17d7\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u179b\u17be\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u17d7\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u2014MOVs \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1785\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179b\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17a2\u17ca\u17c2\u179a, GDTs \u1791\u17b6\u1789\u1799\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c4\u1787\u1793\u17cd\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a ionization \u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793 \u1793\u17b7\u1784 TVS diodes \u1791\u17b6\u1789\u1799\u1780\u1795\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c4\u1787\u1793\u17cd\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780 avalanche semiconductor \u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179a\u17be\u179f\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1798\u17c2\u1793\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u179a\u1780\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6 \u201c\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u201d \u1793\u17c4\u17c7\u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1799\u1791\u17c5\u179c\u17b7\u1789 \u179c\u17b6\u1782\u17ba\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u17bc\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u17d4 MOV \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17a5\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17c4\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1798\u17c1 AC \u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1794\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1792\u17d2\u1784\u1793\u17cb\u1792\u17d2\u1784\u179a\u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u179b\u17bf\u1793\u17d4 GDT \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17a5\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u179c\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb DC 5V \u17d4 TVS diode \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb I\/O \u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178a\u1794\u17cb\u179b\u17be\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17c9\u17c7\u1796\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1794\u1791\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1796\u17b7\u1793\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17be\u179b\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u1796\u17b8\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784 \u1796\u1793\u17d2\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17c3\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17c0\u1794\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u1798\u17b6\u178e\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794 \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b clamping \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b \u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796 \u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u17d4 \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1790\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/spd\/\">SPD<\/a>, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u1784 \u17ac\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17a0\u17bb\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1787\u17bd\u1799\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17bb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17b7\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u2014\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1798\u178f\u17c2\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1791\u17b7\u1789\u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17c4\u17c7\u1791\u17c1\u17d4.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Physical-comparison-of-three-surge-protection-technologies.webp\" alt=\"Surge Protection Components Visual Comparison\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><em>\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1797\u17b6\u1796 0: \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17c0\u1794\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u1793\u1794\u17b8\u17d4 \u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1786\u17d2\u179c\u17c1\u1784: MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor) \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u178c\u17b8\u179f\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1785\u17a2\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u178a\u179f\u17d0\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u179f\u17b8\u1796\u178e\u17cc\u1781\u17c0\u179c\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u178c\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u2014\u1791\u17c6\u17a0\u17c6\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b (\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u178c\u17b8\u179f) \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17bb\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1793 (\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u178c\u17b8\u179f)\u17d4 \u1780\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b: GDT (Gas Discharge Tube) \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1785\/\u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1780\u17cb\u1794\u17b7\u1791\u1787\u17b7\u178f\u179a\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u17a1\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793\u17a2\u179f\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f\u2014\u179f\u17c6\u178e\u1784\u17cb hermetic \u1792\u17b6\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8 sparkover \u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u17d4 \u1781\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u17c6: TVS Diode \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1794\u17cb semiconductor \u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u17d7\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1796\u17b8 SMD \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u1798 (0402, SOT-23) \u1791\u17c5\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u1792\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1784 (DO-201, DO-218)\u2014\u1791\u17c6\u17a0\u17c6 silicon die \u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a\u17d4 \u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178a\u17cf\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17bb\u17c7\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793: \u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1785 (MOV), \u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6 ionization \u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793 (GDT) \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780 avalanche semiconductor (TVS) \u17d4.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor): \u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a<\/h2>\n<p>Metal Oxide Varistor \u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd semiconductor \u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1785\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179c\u17b6\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u17d4 \u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u179b\u17be\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u179c\u17b6\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u179c\u17d0\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u2014\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u17a2\u17c6\u17a1\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17be\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1783\u17be\u1789\u179f\u17d2\u1791\u17be\u179a\u178f\u17c2\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u17a2\u17c6\u17a1\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784<\/h3>\n<p>MOV \u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u17a2\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u178a\u179f\u17d0\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u179f\u17b8 (ZnO) \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17bb\u178f\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u1798\u17b6\u178e\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17bd\u1785\u1793\u17c3 bismuth, cobalt, manganese \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u178a\u179b\u17c4\u17a0\u17c8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u17d4 \u179c\u17c1\u1791\u1798\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17be\u178f\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u17d4 \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7 ZnO \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 Schottky \u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1791\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u17cd\u2014\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c diode \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u1794\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u178f\u17bc\u1785\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d4 \u178c\u17b8\u179f MOV \u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179b\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u1797\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1789\u179f\u17ca\u17c1\u179a\u17b8-\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u17a1\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u178a\u17cf\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17bb\u1782\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1789\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u179b\u17c1\u1785\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d4 \u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u178c\u17b8\u179f\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a (\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u17ca\u17c1\u179a\u17b8 = \u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1784) \u17d4 \u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u178c\u17b8\u179f\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17bb\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1793 (\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u17a1\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793 = \u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1784) \u17d4 \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17b9\u1780\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799 MOV \u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b varistor \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1798\u17b8\u179b\u17b8\u1798\u17c9\u17c2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17b6 MOVs \u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179b\u17bb\u1780\u1792\u17c6 \u17ac\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u17c6\u178c\u17b8\u179f\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a<\/h3>\n<p>\u1793\u17c5\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b varistor (V\u1d65) \u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c2\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794 depletion \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1791\u17b6\u1789\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f microampere \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1787\u17c6\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8 V\u1d65 \u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1799\u17c8 quantum tunneling \u1793\u17b7\u1784 avalanche multiplication \u17d4 \u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u178a\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u179b\u17c6\u1796\u17b8 megohms \u1791\u17c5 ohms \u17a0\u17be\u1799 MOV shunts \u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1791\u17c5\u178a\u17b8\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1782\u17ba\u179b\u17bf\u1793\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u2014sub-nanosecond \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1797\u17b6\u179a\u17c8\u17d4 MOVs \u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17b6\u17a1\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17cb\u178a\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798 25 nanoseconds \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u1784\u178a\u17c4\u1799 inductance \u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u1798\u17bb\u1781 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1792\u179a\u178e\u17b8\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6 ZnO \u17d4 \u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b-\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1782\u17ba\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179b\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17a2\u17ca\u17c2\u179a\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b7\u1796\u178e\u17cc\u1793\u17b6\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a I = K\u00b7V\u1d45 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17c1\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179b\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17a2\u17ca\u17c2\u179a \u03b1 \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8 25 \u178a\u179b\u17cb 50 (\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17c0\u1794\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784 \u03b1 = 1 \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb resistor \u179b\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17a2\u17ca\u17c2\u179a) \u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d7 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b<\/strong>\u17d6 MOVs \u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17be\u1798\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u179a\u179b\u1780\u17d4 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u17a0\u17ca\u17bb\u1793\u1795\u179b\u17b7\u178f\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a\u1785\u178f\u17bb\u1780\u17c4\u178e 2 \u1798\u17b7\u179b\u17d2\u179b\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17b8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u179a\u179b\u1780 8\/20 \u00b5s \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17cb\u178a\u17b6\u179a\u17d4 Block MOVs \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b8 10,000 \u1791\u17c5 100,000 amperes \u1793\u17c3\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c4\u17c7\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u1797\u17b6\u1796<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c9\u17c7\u1796\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1781\u17bc\u1785\u1781\u17b6\u178f\u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u1780\u1780\u17bb\u1789\u17d4 \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b varistor \u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798 \u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a clamping \u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1799\u17c9\u17ba\u1793\u17d4 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u1784\u1793\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u178a\u17b6\u1785\u17cb \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u179c conductive \u17a2\u1785\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17c3\u1799\u17cd\u17d4 \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u1795\u179b\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u179f\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17b9\u1780\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u179b\u1780\u178a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17d7 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c6\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d7\u1782\u17bd\u179a\u178f\u17c2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u178f\u1796\u17b7\u1793\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799 MOV \u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17c9\u17c2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1790\u17c2\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u17d4<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1798\u17c1 AC, \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b, \u1798\u17c9\u17bc\u1791\u17d0\u179a\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u17a0\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798, \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1792\u17bb\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u1784\u1793\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f (nanosecond) \u17d4.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/MOV-cutaway-section-showing-zinc-oxide-ZnO-grains-embedded-in-ceramic-matrix-with-inter-granular-boundaries-magnified-inset.webp\" alt=\"MOV Internal Structure - Zinc Oxide Grain Architecture\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><em>\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1797\u17b6\u1796 1: \u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb MOV \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u17a2\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u178a\u179f\u17d0\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u179f\u17b8 (ZnO) \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u1794\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u179f\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1785\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u17a2\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb (\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1796\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u1780) \u17d4 \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 Schottky \u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1791\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u17cd \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179b\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17ca\u17c1\u179a\u17b8-\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u17a1\u17c2\u179b\u17d4 \u179c\u17b7\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u178c\u17b8\u179f\u2014\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b (\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u17ca\u17c1\u179a\u17b8) \u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17bb\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1793 (\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u17a1\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793)\u2014\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u17d4.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>GDT (Gas Discharge Tube): \u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a<\/h2>\n<p>Gas Discharge Tube \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d2\u178f\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793: \u1787\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u179f\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a clamping \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179b\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17a2\u17ca\u17c2\u179a \u179c\u17b6\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u17d4 \u179f\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1797\u17b6\u1796 \u201ccrowbar\u201d \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u179a\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793 ionized \u1787\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1797\u17b6\u179a\u17c8\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u179a\u17b9\u1784\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784<\/h3>\n<p>GDT \u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f\u1796\u17b8\u179a \u17ac\u1794\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b7\u1791\u1787\u17b7\u178f\u1793\u17c5\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1785 \u17ac\u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1780\u17cb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17c4\u179a\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u1791\u17c5\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793\u17a2\u179f\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798 (\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u1799\u1793\u17c3 argon, neon \u17ac xenon \u1793\u17c5\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b6\u1792\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179f) \u17d4 \u1782\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u178f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u17d4 \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6 hermetic \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u17c8\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u2014\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u179a\u17c4\u1782 \u17ac\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b6\u1792\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>GDT \u1794\u17b8\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u17bf\u1784\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u178a\u17b8\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17bb\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d4 \u1780\u17c6\u178e\u17c2\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f\u1794\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u178a\u17b8\u179f\u17b6\u1798\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u17d4 \u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1794\u1787\u17b6\u1789\u17b9\u1780\u1789\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u17bb\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17bb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u1799\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17c1\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a<\/h3>\n<p>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u1781\u178e\u17d2\u178c\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6 \u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793\u1798\u17b7\u1793 conductive \u17a0\u17be\u1799 GDT \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1797\u17b6\u1796 impedance \u1787\u17b7\u178f\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb (&gt;10\u2079 \u03a9) \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u2014\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1787\u17b6\u1784 2 picofarads \u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b spark-over \u1793\u17c4\u17c7\u179c\u17b6\u179b\u17a2\u1782\u17d2\u1782\u17b7\u179f\u1793\u17b8 ionizes \u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793\u17d4 \u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17b8\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u1793\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u17c9\u17c7\u1791\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17b7\u1785\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17a2\u17b6\u178f\u17bc\u1798\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a avalanche \u17d4 \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u178f\u17bc\u1785\u1793\u17c3\u1798\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u17b7\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17b8 \u1786\u17b6\u1793\u17c2\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6 conductive \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b ionized GDT \u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc\u17d4 \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u178a\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u179b\u17c6\u1791\u17c5\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u2014\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6 10-20 \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u1796\u17b8\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784\u17d4 \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u17a5\u17a1\u17bc\u179c\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u179f\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1787\u17b7\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u179a\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u17d4 \u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c2\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798 \u201c\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u1791\u17c5\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc\u201d \u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u178a\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u17b8\u179b\u17d2\u179b\u17b8\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17c2\u179a\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6 crowbar \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b7\u1785\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17b6\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb: \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17b7\u1793\u1794\u17be\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u1796 \u201c\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u178a\u17b6\u1793\u201d \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u1793\u17c4\u17c7 GDT \u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179f\u17c4\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a conduction \u179f\u17bc\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u178f\u17c2\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u17d4 \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u178a\u17c2\u179b GDTs \u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1798\u17c1 AC \u1791\u17b6\u1798\u1791\u17b6\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u17ca\u17c1\u179a\u17b8 \u17ac\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u179b\u17be\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb DC impedance \u1791\u17b6\u1794 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179f\u17c4\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u178a\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17a0\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d7 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780<\/strong>\u17d6 GDTs \u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u2014\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb 10,000 \u1791\u17c5 20,000 amperes (\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u179a\u179b\u1780 8\/20 \u00b5s) \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17ca\u17bc\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u178a\u1784\u17d4 \u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1798\u1780\u1796\u17b8\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1793\u17c3\u1786\u17b6\u1793\u17c2\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u179a\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u178f\u17c6\u1794\u1793\u17cb\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1782\u17bb\u178e\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb GDTs \u1782\u17ba\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796 sub-2 pF \u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u1798\u17be\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u179b\u17bf\u1793\u17d4 \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17cb\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd: xDSL, \u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2 broadband \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Gigabit Ethernet \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u17a2\u178f\u17cb\u1792\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17cb\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb MOVs \u17ac\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd TVS \u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c1\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6<\/strong>\u17d6 GDTs \u1799\u17ba\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u179a\u17b9\u1784\u17d4 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u1780\u17be\u178f\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u1799 nanoseconds \u1791\u17c5\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17b8 microseconds \u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u179b\u17be\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b overshoot (dV\/dt \u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u1793\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793 ionization) \u17d4 \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u179b\u1780\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f\u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bf\u1784\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1793\u17b7\u1785\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7 GDTs \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u17bc\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u1789\u17b9\u1780\u1789\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u179b\u17bf\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u1798\u17bb\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17c1\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1799\u17bb\u1780\u17b6\u179b<\/strong>\u17d6 GDTs \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17c1\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u178a\u17cf\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17a5\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4 \u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u1784 ITU-T K.12 \u1793\u17b7\u1784 IEEE C62.31 \u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c0\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179b\u17be\u179c\u178a\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d4 GDTs \u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u1782\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799 UL \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17c9\u17c2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17bd\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1791\u179f\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u179f\u179a\u17cd\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u17d4<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd (xDSL, \u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2, \u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1780\u17b6\u1794\u17a2\u17bb\u1794\u1791\u17b7\u1780), \u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb Ethernet \u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u179b\u17bf\u1793, RF \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u17a2\u1784\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1793 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17bd\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1782\u17ba\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1794\u17b6\u1785\u17cb \u17a0\u17be\u1799 impedance \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u1796\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1782\u17ba\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17d2\u1798\u1798\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u178a\u17b6\u1793\u17d4.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Gas-Discharge-Tube-GDT-construction-and-operating-behavior.webp\" alt=\"GDT Structure and Ionization Process\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><em>\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1797\u17b6\u1796 2: \u179f\u17c6\u178e\u1784\u17cb Gas Discharge Tube (GDT) \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17d4 \u178a\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1798\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1786\u17d2\u179c\u17c1\u1784\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784: \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u1794\u17cb\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793\u1794\u17b7\u1791\u1787\u17b7\u178f hermetically \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1782\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u178f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793\u17a2\u179f\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798 (argon\/neon) \u17d4 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17a0\u17d2\u179c\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794 ionization\u2014\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f spark-over \u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793 ionizes \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1786\u17b6\u1793\u17c2\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6 conductive \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u178a\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u179b\u17c6\u1791\u17c5\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc (~10-20V) \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u179a\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u1791\u17c5\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc\u17d4.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>TVS Diode: \u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a<\/h2>\n<p>Transient Voltage Suppressor diodes \u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd avalanche silicon \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17b7\u179f\u17c1\u179f\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a clamping \u179a\u179b\u1780\u17d4 \u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b clamping \u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17bb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8 semiconductor \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784<\/h3>\n<p>TVS diode \u1782\u17ba\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb Zener diode \u17af\u1780\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17be\u179a\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u1794\u1791\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u17d4 Silicon die \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c P-N \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17bb doping \u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780 avalanche \u1793\u17c5\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1785\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u17d4 \u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c3 die \u1792\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1784 Zener regulators \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u1798\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bc\u179b\u1793\u17c3\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u179a\u179b\u1780\u2014\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u1799 amperes \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a submicrosecond \u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a<\/h3>\n<p>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6 TVS diode \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784 reverse bias \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179b\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f nanoampere \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f (V_BR) \u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c silicon \u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a avalanche multiplication \u17d4 Impact ionization \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1791\u17b9\u1780\u1787\u17c6\u1793\u1793\u17cb\u1793\u17c3\u1782\u17bc\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784-\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1792 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u178a\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u179b\u17c6\u17d4 \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd clamps \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1794\u17bc\u1780\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1782\u17bb\u178e\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u179a\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17b6\u1792\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u179b\u1793\u17b6\u1798\u17c1\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17b7\u1785 ionization \u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793 \u17ac\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1797\u17b6\u179a\u17c8\u17d4 \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17a2\u1793\u17bb\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u178f\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1787\u17bd\u179a nanosecond\u2014sub-1 ns \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb silicon \u1791\u1791\u17c1 \u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u1794\u17b8\u1787\u17b6 inductance \u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u1787\u17c6\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u1794\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u178a\u179b\u17cb 1-5 ns \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1784\u17d4 \u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b-\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1782\u17ba\u1785\u17c4\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 (\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1791\u17b6\u1794) \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a clamping \u178f\u17b9\u1784\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d7 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u17a0\u17ca\u17bb\u1793\u1795\u179b\u17b7\u178f TVS \u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1791\u1791\u17b9\u1784\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17cb\u178a\u17b6\u179a (\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6 10\/1000 \u00b5s \u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u179a\u179b\u1780\u17a2\u17b7\u1785\u179f\u17d2\u1794\u17c9\u17bc\u178e\u1784\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u1799\u17c2\u179b) \u17d4 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u179b\u17b7\u178f\u1795\u179b\u1791\u17bc\u1791\u17c5\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1787\u17bc\u1793\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a 400W, 600W, 1500W \u17ac 5000W \u17d4 \u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bc\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u178e\u1793\u17b6\u1796\u17b8\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b clamping\u2014\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd 600W \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784 clamp 15V \u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17c2\u179b 40A \u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bc\u179b\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a Clamping<\/strong>\u17d6 TVS diodes \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b clamping \u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d4 \u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1793\u17c3\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b clamping \u1791\u17c5\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b standoff (V_C\/V_WM) \u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u1782\u17ba 1.3 \u1791\u17c5 1.5 \u1794\u17be\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17c0\u1794\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784 2.0-2.5 \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb MOVs \u17d4 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u17c9\u17b9\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u17c8\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6 3.3V, USB 5V, \u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u179a\u1790\u1799\u1793\u17d2\u178f 12V \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796<\/strong>\u17d6 \u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796 TVS \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c2\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1791\u17bc\u179b\u17c6\u1791\u17bc\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u1784\u17cb\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u17d4 TVS diodes \u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17cb\u178a\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u1799 picofarads \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u179b\u17bf\u1793\u17d4 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179f\u17b6\u179a TVS \u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb HDMI, USB 3.0, Ethernet \u1793\u17b7\u1784 RF \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1792\u179a\u178e\u17b8\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u17af\u1780\u1791\u17c1\u179f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1794\u17b6\u1793 sub-5 pF \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1787\u17bf\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178a\u17bc\u1785 MOVs \u1791\u17c1 TVS diodes \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17bd\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u178f\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u17d4 \u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c silicon \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1799\u17c9\u17ba\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u179b\u1780\u178a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17d7\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u1794\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u1782\u17ba\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1794\u17be\u1780\u1785\u17c6\u17a0 (\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b7\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1789\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c) \u17ac\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 (\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u179b\u17c4\u17a0\u17c8) \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1780\u17be\u178f\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178f\u17c2\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u1784\u1793\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u17d4<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179a (\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u1780 I\/O, \u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u179c\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b), \u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb USB \u1793\u17b7\u1784 HDMI, \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bf\u1784\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1793\u17b7\u1785\u179a\u1790\u1799\u1793\u17d2\u178f, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b DC, \u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a clamping \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780 semiconductor \u17d4.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/TVS-Diode-I-V-Characteristic-and-Clamping-Behavior.webp\" alt=\"TVS Diode I-V Characteristic and Clamping Behavior\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><em>\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1797\u17b6\u1796 3: \u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1780\u17c4\u1784\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b-\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f (I-V) TVS diode \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a avalanche semiconductor \u17d4 \u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6 (\u178f\u17c6\u1794\u1793\u17cb V_WM standoff) \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u179a\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1797\u17b6\u1796 impedance \u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179b\u17c1\u1785\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799 nanoampere \u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f (V_BR) \u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c P-N silicon \u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a avalanche multiplication\u2014\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u178a\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u179b\u17c6 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd clamps \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1793\u17c5 V_C (\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1794\u17bc\u1780\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f \u00d7 \u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780) \u17d4 \u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1780\u17c4\u1784\u1785\u17c4\u178f (\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u179c\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1791\u17b6\u1794) \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780 semiconductor \u17d4.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Clamping vs Crowbar: \u1791\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b8\u179a<\/h2>\n<p>\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u178f\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1791\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u17d4 MOVs \u1793\u17b7\u1784 TVS diodes \u1782\u17ba <strong>\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd clamping<\/strong>\u2014\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u178a\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u17d4 GDTs \u1782\u17ba <strong>\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd crowbar<\/strong>\u2014\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178a\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u179b\u17c6\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179f\u17c6\u178e\u179b\u17cb\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u1796\u17b8\u1791\u17c6\u17a0\u17c6\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6 Clamping<\/strong> (MOV \u1793\u17b7\u1784 TVS): \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784 \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b clamping \u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1799\u17c4\u1784\u1791\u17c5\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1780\u17c4\u1784 V-I \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179b\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17a2\u17ca\u17c2\u179a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u17d4 MOV \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f 275V RMS \u17a2\u17b6\u1785 clamp \u1793\u17c5 750V \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u179b\u1780 1 kA \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178a\u179b\u17cb 900V \u1793\u17c5 5 kA \u17d4 TVS diode \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f 15V standoff \u17a2\u17b6\u1785 clamp \u1793\u17c5 24V \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb 10A \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1788\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u179b\u17cb 26V \u1793\u17c5 20A \u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1783\u17be\u1789\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1791\u17c6\u17a0\u17c6\u179a\u179b\u1780 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6 Crowbar<\/strong> (GDT): \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1780\u17be\u178f\u17a1\u17be\u1784 GDT \u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u178a\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u179b\u17c6\u1791\u17c5 10-20V \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u1796\u17b8\u1790\u17b6\u178f\u17be\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1782\u17ba 100A \u17ac 10,000A \u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17cf\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c1\u17c7 \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2 spark-over \u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u17a2\u1793\u17bb\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u178f\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b \u1798\u17bb\u1793\u1796\u17c1\u179b ionization \u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1794\u17cb\u17d4 \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799 GDTs \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a clamp \u179b\u17bf\u1793\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u1787\u17b6\u1789\u17b9\u1780\u1789\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u1791\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u179f\u1798\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u17d7\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17d4 \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd Clamping \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c9\u17c7\u1796\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u17d4 \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd Crowbar \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u179a\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17d4 Clamping \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u17a2\u178f\u17cb\u1792\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17cb\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b clamp \u17d4 Crowbar \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u1796\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1798\u17b6\u1793 impedance \u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17d2\u1798\u1798\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a shorting \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1781\u17bc\u1785\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1793\u17c5\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u179b\u17be \u17ac\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u178a\u17b6\u1793\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h2>MOV vs GDT vs TVS: \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17c0\u1794\u1796\u17b8\u1785\u17c6\u17a0\u17c0\u1784\u1791\u17c5\u1785\u17c6\u17a0\u17c0\u1784<\/h2>\n<p>\u178f\u17b6\u179a\u17b6\u1784\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u1798\u17b6\u178e\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1781\u17bb\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d7\u1793\u17c3\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1794\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d6<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17c9\u17c2\u178f\u17d2\u179a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u1794\u17c6\u1796\u1784\u17cb\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793 (GDT)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1791\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u17cd\u179f\u17c3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u1792\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179b\u17b8\u1793\u17c1\u17a2\u17c2\u179a\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b (\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1792\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7 ZnO)<\/td>\n<td>\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bc\u178a\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793<\/td>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u178a\u17b8\u1793\u17c3 semiconductor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1799\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17c0\u1794<\/td>\n<td>\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8<\/td>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17c0\u1794<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>&lt;25 ns (\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17b6\u17a1\u17bb\u1780\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6)<\/td>\n<td>100 ns \u2013 1 \u00b5s (\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b)<\/td>\n<td>1-5 ns (\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1794\u17cb)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1782\u17c0\u1794\/\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>2.0-2.5 \u00d7 MCOV<\/td>\n<td>10-20 V (\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc)<\/td>\n<td>1.3-1.5 \u00d7 V_standoff<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784 (8\/20 \u00b5s)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>400 A \u2013 100 kA (\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u1791\u17c6\u17a0\u17c6)<\/td>\n<td>5 kA \u2013 20 kA (\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd)<\/td>\n<td>10 A \u2013 200 A (\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179f\u17b6\u179a 600W ~40A)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17a5\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17c4\u17c7 (100-1000 J)<\/td>\n<td>\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17a5\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17c4\u17c7 (\u1794\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799)<\/td>\n<td>\u1798\u1792\u17d2\u1799\u1798 (\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>50-5000 pF (\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u179b\u17be\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c3)<\/td>\n<td>&lt;2 pF<\/td>\n<td>5-500 pF (\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u1784\u17cb)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1780\u17b7\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1799\u17c9\u17ba\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179c\u178a\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784; V_n \u179a\u179f\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798<\/td>\n<td>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17c1\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178a\u1784<\/td>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17bd\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u1794\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17d0\u1799<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c4\u17c7\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7 \u2192 \u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 \u17ac \u1794\u17be\u1780<\/td>\n<td>\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 (\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1792\u17d2\u1793\u17bc)<\/td>\n<td>\u1794\u17be\u1780 \u17ac \u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 (\u1798\u17a0\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u17c2\u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17c4\u17c7)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u17a0\u17b6\u1793\u17b7\u1797\u17d0\u1799\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u1798<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u1791\u17b6\u1794 (\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u17af\u1784)<\/td>\n<td>\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb (\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c5)<\/td>\n<td>\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793 (\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u179a\u17b9\u1784)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1787\u17bd\u179a\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>18V RMS \u2013 1000V RMS<\/td>\n<td>75V \u2013 5000V DC sparkover<\/td>\n<td>3.3V \u2013 600V standoff<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3 (\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u1784)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u1791\u17b6\u1794 ($0.10 \u2013 $5)<\/td>\n<td>\u1791\u17b6\u1794-\u1798\u1792\u17d2\u1799\u1798 ($0.50 \u2013 $10)<\/td>\n<td>\u1791\u17b6\u1794-\u1798\u1792\u17d2\u1799\u1798 ($0.20 \u2013 $8)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17cb\u178a\u17b6\u179a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>IEC 61643-11, UL 1449<\/td>\n<td>ITU-T K.12, IEEE C62.31<\/td>\n<td>IEC 61643-11, UL 1449<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1794\u178b\u1798\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1789 AC, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b, \u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u17a0\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798<\/td>\n<td>\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd, \u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u179b\u17bf\u1793, \u17a2\u1784\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1793<\/td>\n<td>I\/O \u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179a, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb DC, \u179a\u1790\u1799\u1793\u17d2\u178f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d7\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17c0\u1794<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u1798\u17c9\u17bc\u179c<\/strong> \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u178f\u17bb\u179b\u17d2\u1799\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u178a\u17cf\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u17d4 \u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17cb\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17c1 AC \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780 capacitance \u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1780\u1784\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1780\u1780\u1780\u17bb\u1789\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u178f\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>GDTs<\/strong> \u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17be\u1798\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17bd\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u17c8\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u178f\u17c2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u179a\u1798\u17b6\u17d4 capacitance \u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1787\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u179f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd \u1793\u17b7\u1784 RF \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f slower \u1799\u17ba\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a0\u17b6\u1793\u17b7\u1797\u17d0\u1799\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17d0\u178f\u17d2\u1793\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>TVS diodes<\/strong> \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17bf\u1793\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bf\u1784\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1793\u17b7\u1785\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4 \u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1784\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a semiconductor I\/O \u1793\u17c5\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798 50V \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u179c\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u178a\u17c2\u179b MOVs \u1793\u17b7\u1784 GDTs \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1793\u17c4\u17c7\u1791\u17c1\u17d4.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/MOV-vs-TVS-Comparison-Matrix-Technical-Specifications.webp\" alt=\"MOV vs TVS Comparison Matrix - Technical Specifications\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><em>\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17b8 4: \u1782\u17c6\u1793\u17bc\u179f\u178f\u17b6\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1792\u17c0\u1794\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17c8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1799\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6 MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor) \u1793\u17b7\u1784 TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor) \u1786\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d7\u17d4 MOVs \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1782\u17c0\u1794\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1784 (2.0-2.5\u00d7 MCOV) \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u178a\u17cf\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17a5\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b \u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b TVS diodes \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u17c9\u17b9\u1784 (1.3-1.5\u00d7 standoff) \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f\u1787\u17b6\u1784 (&lt;5 ns) \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a semiconductor \u17d4 \u178f\u17b6\u179a\u17b6\u1784\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b \u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a7\u1791\u17b6\u17a0\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u179b\u17c1\u1781\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u179f\u17c6\u1794\u17bb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u17c2\u1798\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u17d4.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>\u1798\u1782\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u1780\u17cd\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179a\u17be\u179f\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u17d6 \u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178e\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7<\/h2>\n<p>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179a\u17be\u179f\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u17bc\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u17d4 \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u1781\u17d0\u178e\u17d2\u178c\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17d6<\/p>\n<h3>\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be MOV \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u17d6<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"bulleted-list\">\n<li><strong>\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17c1 AC \u17ac DC \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb (&gt;50V)<\/strong>\u17d6 MOVs \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1796\u17b8 18V RMS \u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1787\u17b6\u1784 1000V \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17a5\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17c4\u17c7\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179b\u17c6\u1793\u17c5\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793 (120\/240V) \u1796\u17b6\u178e\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798 (277\/480V) \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u17a0\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1782\u17ba\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u1798\u1780\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1798\u17c9\u17bc\u1791\u17d0\u179a \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b (\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u1799\u1791\u17c5\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b6\u1793\u17cb joules) \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17c2 MOVs \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17c4\u17c7\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u179f\u17c6\u1785\u17c3\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794 &lt;25 ns \u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u1799\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bf\u1784\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1793\u17b7\u1785\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u17a0\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u17a2\u178f\u17cb\u1792\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794 MOV \u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1782\u17ba\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u1799\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1793\u17c5\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1780\u1784\u17cb\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b (50\/60 Hz) \u179f\u17bc\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u178f\u17c2\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796 1000 pF \u1782\u17ba\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17c1\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb<\/strong>\u17d6 MOVs \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1799\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17bd\u1799 joule \u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u17d4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1787\u17c0\u179f\u179c\u17b6\u1784 MOVs \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b<\/strong> \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u1784\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u179b\u17bf\u1793 (\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796), \u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8 semiconductor \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1791\u17b6\u1794 (\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b clamping \u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17c1\u1780), \u17ac\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1792\u17b6\u1793\u17b6\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1791\u179f\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u179f\u179a\u17cd (\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17d2\u1797\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb) \u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be GDT \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u17d6<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"bulleted-list\">\n<li><strong>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17bd\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f (&lt;2 pF)<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1798\u17c9\u17bc\u178a\u17b9\u1798 xDSL, \u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2 broadband, Gigabit Ethernet, \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b RF \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u17a2\u1784\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1793\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb MOVs \u17ac\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd TVS \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17cb\u178a\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c1\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u178f\u17c2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u179a\u1798\u17b6<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u179b\u17d0\u1799\u1780\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd, \u1794\u17c9\u1798\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u179f\u17d0\u1796\u17d2\u1791 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c6\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1788\u1798\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c6\u17a0\u17c6\u1792\u17c6\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f TVS \u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17b6\u1793 impedance \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u1796\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u179f\u17d0\u1796\u17d2\u1791 (600\u03a9), feedlines \u17a2\u1784\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1793 (50-75\u03a9) \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793 crowbarred \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u17bb\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793 follow-current \u17a0\u17bd\u179f\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17ba\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb (&gt;100V)<\/strong>\u17d6 GDTs \u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u179a\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b sparkover \u1796\u17b8 75V \u1791\u17c5 5000V \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17cb\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd, PoE (Power over Ethernet) \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u17d4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1787\u17c0\u179f\u179c\u17b6\u1784 GDTs \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b<\/strong> \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b DC impedance \u1791\u17b6\u1794 (\u17a0\u17b6\u1793\u17b7\u1797\u17d0\u1799 follow-current), \u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f (&lt;100 ns \u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb), \u17ac\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1793\u17b9\u1784 spike spark-over \u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784 (\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a clamping \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u179f\u17c6) \u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be TVS Diode \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u17d6<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"bulleted-list\">\n<li><strong>\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b Clamping \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u178f\u17c2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u17c9\u17b9\u1784<\/strong>\u17d6 \u17a1\u17bc\u1787\u17b8\u1781\u179b 3.3V, USB 5V, \u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u179a\u1790\u1799\u1793\u17d2\u178f 12V \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780 semiconductor \u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a clamping \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u1784\u17cb 20-30% \u1793\u17c3\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u179f\u17c6 - \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17c2 diodes TVS \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17c4\u17c7\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u178f\u17c2\u179b\u17bf\u1793\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f (&lt;5 ns)<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a processors \u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u179b\u17bf\u1793, FPGAs \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u17a2\u17b6\u178e\u17b6\u17a1\u17bc\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7\u1791\u17b6\u1798\u1791\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794 nanosecond \u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1782\u17ba\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1791\u17c5\u1798\u1792\u17d2\u1799\u1798 (&lt;100V)<\/strong>\u17d6 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179f\u17b6\u179a TVS \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17cb\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u17d7\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799 3.3V \u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd 48V \u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\/\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179f\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c1\u17d4<\/strong>\u17d6 \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u179c\u17c1\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a, \u17a2\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179f\u1785\u179a\u178e\u17cd \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u17d7\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u179f\u17bb\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17b6\u1798\u1791\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1796\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17b6\u1793 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17c1\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u17a2\u17b6\u1799\u17bb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1795\u179b\u17b7\u178f\u1795\u179b\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1791\u17c6\u17a0\u17c6\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb<\/strong>\u17d6 \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd SMT TVS \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1794\u17cb 0402 \u17ac SOT-23 \u179f\u1798\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b MOVs \u1793\u17b7\u1784 GDTs \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u17d4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1787\u17c0\u179f\u179c\u17b6\u1784 diodes TVS \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b<\/strong> \u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1787\u17b8\u1796\u1785\u179a (\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd 600W \u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u178f\u17c2 ~1 joule \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u178e\u17d2\u178e\u17c4\u17c7), \u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bc\u179b (40A \u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb 600W \u1793\u17c5 15V), \u17ac\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1786\u17b6\u1793\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a0\u17b6\u1798\u1783\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u1796\u17a0\u17bb\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u179f\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u1784<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u1795\u179b<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7 AC mains<\/td>\n<td>MOV (\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u17c1\u1791 1\/2 SPD)<\/td>\n<td>\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb, 120-480V, \u179f\u1793\u17d2\u179f\u17c6\u179f\u17c6\u1785\u17c3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd<\/td>\n<td>GDT + TVS (staged)<\/td>\n<td>GDT \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b, TVS clamps \u179f\u17c6\u178e\u179b\u17cb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799 USB 2.0 \/ 3.0<\/td>\n<td>TVS cap \u1791\u17b6\u1794<\/td>\n<td>\u1782\u17c2\u1798\u179b\u17bf\u1793, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb 5V, &lt;5 pF \u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ethernet (10\/100\/1000 Base-T)<\/td>\n<td>GDT (\u1794\u178b\u1798) + TVS cap \u1791\u17b6\u1794<\/td>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u178f\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17bd\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c9\u17c7\u1796\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>24V DC industrial I\/O<\/td>\n<td>TVS<\/td>\n<td>Clamp \u178f\u17b9\u1784, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f, \u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PV solar DC input<\/td>\n<td>MOV (DC-rated)<\/td>\n<td>\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb (600-1000V), \u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u179a\u1790\u1799\u1793\u17d2\u178f 12V<\/td>\n<td>TVS<\/td>\n<td>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a load dump, clamp \u178f\u17b9\u1784\u1793\u17c5 24-36V<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>RF antenna input<\/td>\n<td>\u179f\u17c2\u1793<\/td>\n<td>Sub-2 pF, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3.3V FPGA power rail<\/td>\n<td>TVS (cap \u1791\u17b6\u1794)<\/td>\n<td>6-8V clamp, &lt;1 ns \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179f\u17c6\u1781\u17b6\u1793\u17cb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u179f\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u17d4 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c6\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17bb\u1782\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1789\u1787\u17b6\u1789\u17b9\u1780\u1789\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1791\u17b6\u1789\u1799\u1780\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c4\u1787\u1793\u17cd\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17c3\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u17d4.<\/p>\n<figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.viox.com\/Three-Stage-Layered-Surge-Protection-Architecture.webp\" alt=\"Three-Stage Layered Surge Protection Architecture\" \/><\/figure>\n<p><em>\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17b8 5\u17d6 \u1782\u17c6\u1793\u17bc\u179f\u178f\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1794\u17b8\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u1794\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179c\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17c8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u1799\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u17d4 \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1791\u17b8 1 (\u1794\u178b\u1798)\u17d6 \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u17c1\u1791 1 MOV SPD \u1793\u17c5\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u179f\u17c1\u179c\u17b6\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 (40-100 kA) \u1793\u17b7\u1784 clamps \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1796\u17b8 10+ kV \u1791\u17c5 ~600V \u17d4 \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1791\u17b8 2 (\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u179f\u17c6)\u17d6 Gas Discharge Tube \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u179a transients \u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u179f\u17c1\u179f\u179f\u179b\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u1799\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1791\u17c5 ~30V \u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a arc mode \u17d4 \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1791\u17b8 3 (\u1785\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799)\u17d6 TVS diode \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c clamping \u178f\u17b9\u1784 (&lt;1.5\u00d7 standoff voltage) \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794 nanosecond \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780 semiconductor \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4 \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1796\u17b7\u179f\u17c1\u179f\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u178a\u17b8\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1792\u17b6\u1793\u17b6\u1790\u17b6\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd upstream \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17bb\u1793\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17bb downstream \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785 \u201chandoff\u201d \u1785\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17c5\u1791\u17bc\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 cascade \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u17d4 \u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d2\u178f\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1791\u17b6\u1789\u1799\u1780\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c4\u1787\u1793\u17cd\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1794\u17c6\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u17c2\u1798\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6 MOV (\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb), GDT (\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17b6\u1794) \u1793\u17b7\u1784 TVS (clamp \u178f\u17b9\u1784) \u17d4.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17d6 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6<\/h2>\n<p>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178a\u17cf\u179a\u17b9\u1784\u1798\u17b6\u17c6\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1796\u17b9\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u17a2\u17c2\u1780\u179b\u17be\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1799\u1791\u17c5\u179c\u17b7\u1789 \u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17be\u179a\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17c3\u179c\u17b7\u179f\u17b6\u179b\u1782\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17c6\u179a\u17b6\u1798\u1780\u17c6\u17a0\u17c2\u1784\u17d4 \u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d2\u178f \u201c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1787\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u201d \u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1791\u17b6\u1789\u1799\u1780\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c4\u1787\u1793\u17cd\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1794\u17c6\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u17c2\u1798\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6 MOV, GDT \u1793\u17b7\u1784 TVS \u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b<\/strong>\u17d6 TVS diode \u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7 10 kA \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c1 \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2 GDT upstream \u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u179a 99% \u1793\u17c3\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1793\u17c4\u17c7 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u17b1\u17d2\u1799 TVS clamp \u179f\u17c6\u178e\u179b\u17cb\u17d4 \u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179c\u17b6\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793<\/strong>: GDT \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u1799\u178e\u17b6\u178e\u17bc\u179f\u17c1\u1781\u17b7\u1793\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bb\u1784\u17d4 \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u17a2\u17c6\u17a1\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1793\u17c4\u17c7 TVS \u179b\u17bf\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17bc\u1785\u1781\u17b6\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b GDT \u1794\u17b6\u1789\u17cb \u179c\u17b6\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u179a\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b<\/strong>: \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1793\u17c5\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u179b\u17be\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u178f\u17c2\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1798\u17bb\u1793\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1793\u17c5\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u17d4 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179a\u17be\u179f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1792\u17b6\u1793\u17b6\u1790\u17b6\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1791\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1793\u17c5 600V \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1791\u17b8\u1796\u17b8\u179a (\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3 150V) \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1785\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799 (\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3 50V) \u17d4.<\/p>\n<h3>\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1791\u17bc\u1791\u17c5<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17bc\u179a\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u1798\u1793\u17cd (GDT + TVS)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bulleted-list\">\n<li><strong>\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784<\/strong>: GDT \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u1793\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u1794\u17b6\u1789\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u179b\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17c6\u17a0\u17bb\u179f\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb (\u179a\u179b\u1780 2-10 kV \u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb 20 kA) \u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1791\u17b8\u1796\u17b8\u179a<\/strong>: \u178c\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bc\u178f TVS \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u179f\u17c1\u179f\u179f\u179b\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u179f\u17bb\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb IC \u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17bc\u1793 (&lt;30V) \u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b<\/strong>: GDT \u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1786\u17c1\u17c7\u1793\u17c5 400V, TVS \u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u1793\u17c5 15V, \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u17a2\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u179a\u1798\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17bc\u1793 12V \u17d4 TVS \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17c6\u17a1\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bb\u1784 GDT; \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b GDT \u1794\u17b6\u1789\u17cb \u179c\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1798\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u17d4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Ethernet PoE (GDT + TVS + Inductor)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bulleted-list\">\n<li><strong>\u1794\u178b\u1798<\/strong>: GDT \u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u1796\u17b8\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17c5\u178a\u17b8\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u179f\u17ca\u17c1\u179a\u17b8 inductor<\/strong>: \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1790\u1799\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17bf\u1793\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17be\u1793\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17c3\u179a\u179b\u1780 (dV\/dt) \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u179c\u17c1\u179b\u17b6 GDT \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bb\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1791\u17b8\u1796\u17b8\u179a<\/strong>: \u178c\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bc\u178f TVS \u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1782\u17bc\u178c\u17b8\u1795\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u1784\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u1799\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u1791\u17bc\u1791\u17c5 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179a\u1794\u17c0\u1794\u178c\u17b8\u1795\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u1784\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u1799\u17c2\u179b \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a Ethernet PHY (\u00b18V \u17a2\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u179a\u1798\u17b6) \u17d4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 AC \u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u17a0\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798 (MOV \u1794\u178b\u1798 + MOV \u1791\u17b8\u1796\u17b8\u179a)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bulleted-list\">\n<li><strong>\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u179f\u17c1\u179c\u17b6\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798<\/strong>: MOV \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u17c1\u1791 1 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6 40-100 kA \u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u1794\u17b6\u1789\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u179b\u17cb (\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b 1.2\/50 \u00b5s, \u179a\u179b\u1780\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f 10\/350 \u00b5s \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17bd\u1799 IEC 61643-11) \u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799<\/strong>: MOV \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u17c1\u1791 2 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6 20-40 kA \u1780\u17c0\u1794\u179a\u179b\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u179f\u17c1\u179f\u179f\u179b\u17cb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1797\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1797\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1782\u17b6\u179a\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780<\/strong>: SPD \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u17c1\u1791 3 \u17ac TVS \u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u1793\u17c3\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u17d4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u17b6\u1791\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u1799 PV (MOV DC + TVS)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bulleted-list\">\n<li><strong>\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a2\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179c\u17a2\u17b6\u179a\u17c1<\/strong>: MOV \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6 DC (600-1000V) \u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1795\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2 PV \u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u179b\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u1798\u1780\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b Inverter<\/strong>: \u178c\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bc\u178f TVS \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17c6\u179b\u17c2\u1784 DC-DC \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6 MPPT semiconductors \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u179b\u17b8\u1780\u17bb\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u179a\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u17d4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1782\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17b9\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1787\u17c4\u1782\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u1782\u17ba\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c2\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785 \u201c\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1782\u179b\u17cb\u201d \u1785\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c0\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1790\u17b6\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17a2\u1793\u17bb\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u178f\u1796\u17b8\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c2\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u1793\u17c3\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17d4 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u17a0\u17ca\u17bb\u1793\u1795\u179b\u17b7\u178f\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792 SPD \u1796\u17c1\u1789\u179b\u17c1\u1789 (\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1787\u17b6 VIOX) \u1787\u17b6\u1789\u17b9\u1780\u1789\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u17c4\u17c7\u1796\u17bb\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17bb\u1794\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17bb\u1782\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1789\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17d4.<\/p>\n<h2>\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u17b7<\/h2>\n<p>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179a\u17be\u179f\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u179f\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17bb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1798\u17c2\u1793\u1793\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u179a\u1780\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6 \u201c\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u201d \u1793\u17c4\u17c7\u1791\u17c1 \u1782\u17ba\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u17bc\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17d4 MOVs \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1785\u17a2\u17bb\u1780\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u178a\u179f\u17d0\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u179f\u17b8\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u17d4 GDTs \u1791\u17b6\u1789\u1799\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c4\u1787\u1793\u17cd\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bb\u1784\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17d0\u1793 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17a2\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1794\u179a\u1798\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17a2\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u179a\u1798\u17b6\u17d4 \u178c\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bc\u178f TVS \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u17c6\u1793\u17c3 semiconductor \u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u179b\u17bf\u1793\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1793\u17c3\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bf\u1784\u17a2\u17c1\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1793\u17b7\u1785\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1784\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u178f\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1784\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u178a\u17bc\u179a\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u17d6<\/p>\n<ul class=\"bulleted-list\">\n<li>MOVs \u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u178a\u17bc\u179a\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u1781\u17d2\u1796\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u178a\u17cf\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u17a5\u178f\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li>GDTs \u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u178a\u17bc\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u1799\u17ba\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a0\u17b6\u1793\u17b7\u1797\u17d0\u1799\u1793\u17c3\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u178a\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17ca\u17bc\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u179b\u1780\u17d4.<\/li>\n<li>\u178c\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bc\u178f TVS \u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u178a\u17bc\u179a\u179f\u1798\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17a0\u17d0\u179f\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u179c\u17c9\u17bb\u179b\u178f\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u17d4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1799\u179b\u17cb\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u178a\u17bc\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u17ab\u179f\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1782\u17c4\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u178f\u17b7\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1799\u17be\u1784\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b7\u1793\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u1799 \u17a2\u1793\u17bb\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u178f\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1784\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u17d4 MOV 600V \u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c2\u1791\u17b7\u1793\u17d2\u1793\u1793\u17d0\u1799 5V \u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u17d4 \u178c\u17b8\u1799\u17c9\u17bc\u178f TVS 40A \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1788\u1798\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179a\u179b\u1780\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c7 10 kA \u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1798\u17a0\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u17d4 GDT \u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb DC \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793 impedance \u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u179f\u17c4\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17b9\u1780\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u1785\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u178a\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b7\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1789\u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c6\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17bb\u1782\u179f\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1789 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u178a\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17b8\u178f\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17b8\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17d7\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179c\u17b6\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u17d4 GDT \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1799\u1780\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793 MOV \u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u178f\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b \u17a0\u17be\u1799 TVS \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17c0\u1794\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1785\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780 semiconductor \u17d4.<\/p>\n<p>\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1790\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1785\u1793\u17b6 SPD \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c2\u1780\u1785\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u1796\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6 100 kA \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1798\u17bd\u1799 IEC 61643-11 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bb\u1785\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb Gigabit Ethernet \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798 2 pF \u17ac\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a 3.3V FPGA I\/O \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u1781\u17d0\u178e\u17d2\u178c\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1782\u17ba\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17d6 \u1795\u17d2\u1782\u17bc\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17c0\u1782\u17d2\u179c\u17b8 \u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c0\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1786\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17c6\u179a\u17b6\u1798\u1780\u17c6\u17a0\u17c2\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u17cb\u179b\u17be\u179c\u17b7\u179f\u17b6\u179b\u1782\u1798\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u179b\u17c1\u1789\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c1\u17d4.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8 VIOX Electric<\/strong>: \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1793\u17b6\u1798\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u17a0\u17ca\u17bb\u1793\u1795\u179b\u17b7\u178f\u17a7\u1794\u1780\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u179b\u1780\u1788\u17b6\u1793\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u1782\u17c1 VIOX \u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799 MOV, GDT \u1793\u17b7\u1784 TVS \u178a\u17cf\u1791\u17bc\u179b\u17c6\u1791\u17bc\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u179b\u17c6\u1793\u17c5\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793 \u1796\u17b6\u178e\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a7\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u17a0\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u17d4 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u179c\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1799\u17be\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17b6\u17c6\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u179c\u17b7\u1792\u17b8\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d0\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179b\u17d4 \u1791\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1793\u17b6 <a href=\"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/\">www.viox.com<\/a> \u17ac\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u179b\u1780\u17cb\u1794\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u17c1\u1780\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1799\u17be\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u1799\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u17d4.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction When specifying surge protection for electrical systems, engineers face a fundamental choice among three core technologies: Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV), Gas Discharge Tube (GDT), and Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) diode. Each technology offers distinct performance characteristics rooted in different physical principles\u2014MOVs harness nonlinear ceramic resistance, GDTs exploit gas ionization, and TVS diodes leverage semiconductor [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20517,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20516"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20518,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20516\/revisions\/20518"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/test.viox.com\/km\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}